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Nutrition, Cardiometabolic and Vascular Health Tracker Last updated on 04/05/2022 Further Info via iKANN Portal Current Highlights Building on years of expertise in the nutrition, vascular and cardiometabolic domains, NNEdPro has established a group of interdisciplinary researchers with the aim to produce cutting-edge research to support the achievement of the Global Development Goals to reduce by one-third premature mortality from chronic diseases by 2030, in particular, cardiometabolic and cardiovascular diseases. The Nutrition and cardiometabolic and vascular health evidence tracker represents a living collection of published original research and reviews which underpins research related to cardiometabolic and vascular health. The evidence is organised by thematic area based on different known pathways linking diet, cardiometabolic and vascular health. Recent Resources include Vimaleswaran KS, Zhou A, Cavadino A and Hyppönen E. Evidence for a causal association between milk intake and cardiometabolic disease outcomes using a two-sample Mendelian Randomization analysis in up to 1,904,220 individuals . International Journal of Obesity, 2021. Recent BMJ Nutrition Articles include Huang M, Lo K, Li J, Allison M, Wu WC and Liu S. Pasta meal intake in relation to risks of type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women: findings from the Women’s Health Initiative . BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health, 2021. The connections depicted in the tracker below represent evidence from reviews only. You can click on the boxes below to be redirected to the content: Anchor 13 Dietary Patterns Original Research Coming soon Reviews Healthy vs unhealthy dietary patterns A systematic review and meta-analysis showed that an unhealthy dietary pattern, characterised by an intake of fast food, snacks, sugared drinks, candies, trans-fat and saturated fat sources, fried foods, sugar intake and others, was associated with poor mean values of cardiometabolic risk factors among adolescents. Moreover, they found no evidence of a protective effect of healthier dietary patterns. Dietary patterns characterised by the highest intake of unhealthy foods resulted in a higher mean body mass index and waist circumference compared with low intake of unhealthy foods. Controversially, patterns characterised by a low intake of healthy foods were associated with a lower mean body mass index and waist circumference. De Magalhães Cunha, et al. 2018. Meta-analysis investigating observational studies; including cross-sectional and case-control studies, found that the ‘Healthy/Prudent’ dietary pattern, characterised by high factor loadings for fruit and vegetables, fish and whole grains, was inversely associated with risk of Metabolic syndrome. In contrast, the ‘Unhealthy/Western’ dietary pattern had a significant positive association with risk of Metabolic syndrome. Shab-Bidar, et al. 2018. Another, systematic review and meta-analysis found that a ‘Healthy’ diet, characterised by a high loading of vegetables and fruit, poultry, fish, and whole grains, was associated with reduced risk of Metabolic syndrome and significantly decreased the risk in both sexes and in Eastern countries, particularly in Asia. Whereas, a ‘Meat/Western’ dietary pattern, characterised by a high loading of red meat, processed meat, animal fat, eggs and sweets, was associated with an increased risk of Metabolic syndrome, and this association persisted in stratified analysis by geographic area and study design. Fabiani et al., 2019. Vegetarian or vegan diets A systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the association of vegan and vegetarian diets with inflammatory biomarkers, found that a vegan diet was associated with lower levels of C-reactive protein compared to omnivores. This association was less pronounced in vegetarians. In patients with impaired kidney function, the association between vegetarian nutrition and CRP was much stronger. No substantial effects were observed for all other inflammatory biomarkers. Menzel, et al., 2020. Dietary inflammatory index (DII) Another meta-analysis investigating vegan and vegetarian with cardiovascular biomarkers found that compared to controls vegans had a lower body mass index, waist circumference, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting blood glucose, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Benatar and Stewart, 2018.  A systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional, case–control and cohort stdueis found that higher dietary inflammatory index scores were associated with higher odds of hypertension, systolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, insulin, HbA1c and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance values compared with lowest dietary inflammatory index categories. Farhangi et al., 2020. Breakfast frequency or breakfast skipping Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies provides evidence that breakfast skipping is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, and the association is partly mediated by BMI. Skipping breakfast 4–5 days a week was associated with 55% increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Ballon et al., 2019. Another review found that skipping breakfast increases the risk of overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity. Analysis of cross-sectional and cohort studies found a positive association between skipping breakfast and prevalence of overweight/obesity. Ma, et al. 2020. Additional resources: Dinu M, Pagliai G, Casini A, Sofi F. Mediterranean diet and multiple health outcomes: An umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies and randomised trials. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2018. Bhat S, Mocciaro G, Ray S. The association of dietary patterns and carotid intima-media thickness: A synthesis of current evidence. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2019;29(12):1273-1287. doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2019. Schwingshackl L, Chaimani A, Schwedhelm C, et al. Comparative effects of different dietary approaches on blood pressure in hypertensive and pre-hypertensive patients: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2019. Ghaedi E, Mohammadi M, Mohammadi H, et al. Effects of a Paleolithic Diet on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Adv Nutr. 2019. Anchor 1 Foods or Food Groups Original Research Coming soon Reviews Coffee consumption Meta-analysis of cohort studies found the risk of hypertension was reduced by 2% with each cup per day increment of coffee consumption. However, they found no evidence of a nonlinear dose–response association of coffee consumption and hypertension. Xie, et al. 2018. Moreover, a dose–response meta-analysis of prospective studies showed a non-linear relationship between coffee consumption and risk of hypertension (D'Elia et al., 2019). Although, they found that a habitual intake of one or two cups of coffee per day, compared with non-drinking, was not associated with risk of hypertension, a significantly protective effect of coffee consumption was found starting from the consumption of three cups of coffee per day, and was confirmed for greater consumption. D'Elia et al., 2019. Meta-analysis of prospective studies found that the relative risk of developing type 2 diabetes was 0.71 for the highest category of coffee consumption vs the lowest category. The risk of type 2 diabetes decreased by 6% for each cup-per-day increase in coffee consumption. These results were similar for caffeinated coffee consumption and decaffeinated coffee consumption. Carlström, and Larsson, 2018.  Caffeine A systematic review of observational studies found a significant influence of recent caffeine intake on cardiac perfusion measurements during adenosine and dipyridamole induced hyperemia in healthy subjects or patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease. Van Dijk, et al. 2018 . Alcohol intake Meta-analysis of cohort studies found an association between average alcohol consumption of 1 to 2 drinks per day and risk of hypertension with men showing an increased risk, whereas women showed no difference in risk compared with abstainers. Additionally, alcohol intake beyond 2 drinks per day was associated with increased incidence of hypertension in both men and women. Roerecke, et al. 2018 Meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies and case-control studies found that among Asian men, there was a significantly elevated risk of hypertension observed even in the low alcohol dose group in comparison with the group with no alcohol consumption, and the risk increased in a dose-dependent manner. Among Western men, a similar dose-response relationship was noted in general, but a significantly elevated risk was evident only in the high-dose group. Jung et al. 2020. Dairy foods A systematic review and a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies and cross-sectional studies found an inverse relationship between specific types of dairy food consumption and incidence or prevalence of the Metabolic syndrome. Total dairy food consumption was associated with lower risk of Metabolic syndrome components, including hyperglycaemia, elevated blood pressure, hypertriacylglycerolaemia and low HDL- cholesterol. Dose–response analysis found a one-serving increment of total dairy food consumption was associated with a 9% lower risk of the Metabolic syndrome. Additionally, a one-serving increment per day of milk and yogurt consumption was related to a 13 and 18% lower risk of the Metabolic syndrome, respectively. A one-serving per day increment of milk was related to a 12 % lower risk of abdominal obesity, and a one-serving per day increment of yogurt was associated with a 16 % lower risk of hyperglycaemia. Lee, et al. 2018 . Red meat, poultry, and egg consumption Meta-analysis of the prospective cohort studies showed a positive association between red meat consumption and the risk of hypertension. Subgroup analysis showed that both processed and unprocessed red meat were associated with a higher risk of hypertension. Moreover, poultry consumption was also associated with a higher risk of hypertension. Additionally, egg consumption was associated with a lower risk of hypertension. Zhang, and Zhang, 2018. Another, meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies found that moderate egg consumption was associated with higher risk of type 2 diabetes among US studies, but not among European or Asian studies. Drouin-Chartier etal., 2020. Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and food sources of fructose-containing sugars A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies found that sugar‐sweetened beverages were associated with an increased incidence of hypertension, whereas fruit and yogurt showed protective associations with incident hypertension throughout the dose range. In addition, one hundred percent fruit juice showed a protective association only at moderate doses (U-shaped association). Moreover, no association was found between dairy desserts, fruit drinks or sweet snacks with hypertension. Liu et al., 2019. This was supported by another meta-analysis, which found high consumption of sugar‐sweetened beverages was associated with an increase in systolic blood pressure in children and adolescents. However, there was no significant difference in diastolic blood pressure. Additionally, high sugar‐sweetened beverages consumers were more likely to develop hypertension compared with low sugar‐sweetened beverages consumers. Farhangi, et al. 2020. Another Meta-analysis found an adverse association of sugar-sweetened beverages with the incident of metabolic syndrome, however this association did not extend to other major food sources of fructose-containing sugars; yogurt, fruit, 100% fruit juice, and mixed fruit juice all had a protective association with incident metabolic syndrome. Semnani-Azad et al., 2020. Legume consumption (Legumes and soy products) Meta-analysis of cross-sectional, cohort and case–control studies found legume consumption was not associated with the odds of Metabolic Syndrome. Jiang et al., 2020. Additional resources: Pagliai G, Dinu M, Madarena MP, Bonaccio M, Iacoviello L, Sofi F. Consumption of ultra-processed foods and health status: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Nutr. August 2020. Xi B, Huang Y, Reilly KH, et al. Sugar-sweetened beverages and risk of hypertension and CVD: A dose-response meta-analysis. Br J Nutr. 2015. Fontecha J, Calvo MV, Juarez M, Gil A, Martínez-Vizcaino V. Milk and Dairy Product Consumption and Cardiovascular Diseases: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Adv Nutr. 2019 Anchor 2 Macronutrients Original Research Ho FK, Gray SR, Welsh P, et al. Associations of fat and carbohydrate intake with cardiovascular disease and mortality: prospective cohort study of UK Biobank participants. BMJ. 2020. Reviews Fibre intake Meta-analysis of observational studies found the highest versus lowest fibre intake was associated with a reduced risk of Metabolic syndrome, with moderate heterogeneity across studies. The benefit of fibre intake was significant among cross-sectional studies but not among cohort studies. Dose–response analysis found a curvilinear relationship between fibre consumption and prevalence of Metabolic syndrome. Wei, et al. 2018. A systematic review of cohort studies found improvements in body weight, blood lipids, blood pressure, glycaemia and other outcomes, with higher intakes of dietary fibre and high-fibre foods. However, large differences between studies precluded formal synthesis and meta-analysis of the data. Reynolds, et al. 2020. Carbohydrate intake The highest versus the lowest carbohydrate intake values were associated with increased risk of Metabolic syndrome. Dose-response analysis found a linear association between carbohydrate consumption and Metabolic syndrome risk. Liu et al., 2019. Dietary Fat intake A systematic review found that the data suggested that replacing carbohydrates with any fat, but particularly polyunsaturated fat, will lower triglycerides, increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and lower blood pressure, but have no effects on fasting glucose in normal volunteers or insulin sensitivity. Additionally, monounsaturated fat was preferable to polyunsaturated fat for fasting insulin and glucose-lowering. The addition of 3–4 g of omega-3 will lower triglycerides and blood pressure and reduce the proportion of subjects with metabolic syndrome. Moreover, cohort studies suggested that dairy fat was related to a lower incidence of metabolic syndrome. Clifton, 2019. A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective observational studies found no association between total fat intake and the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Dose–response curves provided insights for significant associations between specific fats and fatty acids with type 2 diabetes. In particular, a high intake of vegetable fat was inversely associated with type 2 diabetes incidence. Neuenschwander et al., 2020. Meta-analysis of case-control, cross-sectional and prospective cohort studies found that higher omega-3 polyunsaturated fat levels in diets or blood were associated with a reduction in the risk of Metabolic syndrome. An inverse association was found among studies with Asian populations, but not among those with American/European populations. No association was found between circulating/dietary omega-6 polyunsaturated fats and Metabolic syndrome. Jang & Park, 2020. Additional resources: Noto H, Goto A, Tsujimoto T, Noda M. Low-Carbohydrate Diets and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. PLoS One. 2013. Reynolds A, Mann J, Cummings J, Winter N, Mete E, Te Morenga L. Carbohydrate quality and human health: a series of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Lancet. 2019. Threapleton DE, Greenwood DC, Evans CEL, et al. Dietary fibre intake and risk of cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2013. Noto H, Goto A, Tsujimoto T, Noda M. Low-Carbohydrate Diets and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. PLoS One. 2013. Seidelmann SB, Claggett B, Cheng S, et al. Dietary carbohydrate intake and mortality: a prospective cohort study and meta-analysis. Lancet Public Heal. 2018. Chen Z, Glisic M, Song M, et al. Dietary protein intake and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: results from the Rotterdam Study and a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Eur J Epidemiol. 2020. Berger S, Raman G, Vishwanathan R, Jacques PF, Johnson EJ. Dietary cholesterol and cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015. Zhong VW, Van Horn L, Cornelis MC, et al. Associations of Dietary Cholesterol or Egg Consumption with Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality. JAMA - J Am Med Assoc. 2019. Anchor 3 Micronutrients Original Research Wang T, Xu L. Circulating vitamin E levels and risk of coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction: A mendelian randomization study. Nutrients. 2019. Reviews Serum Vitamin D A meta-analysis and systematic review found that serum vitamin D level was negatively associated with carotid atherosclerosis, with substantial heterogeneity among the individual studies. Furthermore, subgroup analysis suggested that hypovitaminosis D was associated with an 0.85-fold decrease in the odds of having a higher carotid intima-media thickness. Additionally, the pooled analysis also indicated that the serum vitamin D level was a protective factor against increased carotid plaque. Chen, et al. 2018 In both diabetic and non-diabetic subjects, meta-analyses found a significant inverse relationship of vitamin D status with glycemic level (Rafiq and Jeppesen, 2018) and an overall inverse relationship between serum vitamin D status and body mass index. Rafiq and Jeppesen, 2018. Calcium intake Higher dietary calcium intake, independent of adiposity and intake of other blood pressure-related minerals, is slightly associated with a lower risk of developing hypertension. Jayedi, and Zargar, 2019. Vitamin B12, vitamin B6, folate and homocysteine A systematic review did not establish an inverse association (or J-curve) between serum or plasma B12 concentrations and body mass index. However, based on the results of the meta-regression, in an exploratory sub-network meta-analysis, showed lower levels of B12 in people with higher body mass indices. Wiebe, et al. 2018 Meta-analysis of Prospective cohort studies found a higher intake of folate and vitamin B6, but not vitamin B12, was associated with a lower risk of coronary heart disease in the general population. Jayedi & Zargar, 2019. Sodium Meta-analysis of observational studies showed that subjects with the metabolic syndrome had significantly higher levels of sodium compared to healthy controls. They found that body sodium level increases with the number of metabolic syndrome components. Also, participants with highest dietary/urinary or serum sodium levels had 37% higher chance of developing metabolic syndrome when compared with participants with the lowest sodium levels. Soltani et al., 2019. Serum vitamin C Meta-analysis of observational articles including cross-sectional studies, case-control studies, and cohort studies found that individuals with hypertension had lower levels of serum vitamin C when compared with normotensive individuals. Additionally, serum vitamin C was inversely associated with both systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. Ran, et al. 2020. Additional resources: Barbarawi M, Kheiri B, Zayed Y, et al. Vitamin D Supplementation and Cardiovascular Disease Risks in More Than 83000 Individuals in 21 Randomized Clinical Trials: A Meta-analysis. JAMA Cardiol. 2019. Jenkins DJA, Spence JD, Giovannucci EL, et al. Supplemental Vitamins and Minerals for CVD Prevention and Treatment. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018. Anchor 4 Body Weight and Adiposity Original Research Li K, Yao C, Yang X, et al. Body Mass Index and the Risk of Cardiovascular and All-Cause Mortality Among Patients With Hypertension: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study Among Adults in Beijing, China. J Epidemiol. 2016. Chen Q, Li L, Yi J, et al. Waist circumference increases risk of coronary heart disease: Evidence from a Mendelian randomization study. Mol Genet genomic Med. 2020. Singh P, Subramanian A, Adderley N, et al. Impact of bariatric surgery on cardiovascular outcomes and mortality: a population-based cohort study. Br J Surg. 2020 Kelley GA, Kelley KS, Stauffer BL. Obesity and cardiovascular outcomes: another look at a meta-analysis of Mendelian randomization studies. J Investig Med. 2020. Huang Y, Xu M, Xie L, et al. Obesity and peripheral arterial disease: A Mendelian Randomization analysis. Atherosclerosis. 2016. Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ôunpuu S, et al. Obesity and the risk of myocardial infarction in 27 000 participants from 52 countries: a case-control study. Lancet. 2005. Lv WQ, Zhang X, Fan K, Xia X, Zhang Q, Liu HM., et al. Genetically driven adiposity traits increase the risk of coronary artery disease independent of blood pressure, dyslipidaemia, glycaemic traits. Eur J Hum Genet. 2018. Reviews Price AJ, Wright FL, Green J, et al. Differences in risk factors for 3 types of stroke: UK prospective study and meta-analyses. Neurology. 2018. Chen H, Deng Y, Li S. Relation of Body Mass Index Categories with Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death. Int Heart J. 2019. Aune D, Schlesinger S, Norat T, Riboli E. Body mass index, abdominal fatness, and the risk of sudden cardiac death: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Eur J Epidemiol. 2018. Scarale MG, Fontana A, Trischitta V, Copetti M, Menzaghi C. Circulating Adiponectin Levels Are Paradoxically Associated With Mortality Rate: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019. Hsueh Y-W, Yeh T-L, Lin C-Y, et al. Association of metabolically healthy obesity and elevated risk of coronary artery calcification: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PeerJ. 2020. Huang M-Y, Wang M-Y, Lin Y-S, et al. The Association between Metabolically Healthy Obesity, Cardiovascular Disease, and All-Cause Mortality Risk in Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020. Yeh T-L, Chen H-H, Tsai S-Y, Lin C-Y, Liu S-J, Chien K-L. The Relationship between Metabolically Healthy Obesity and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med. 2019. Barzin M, Valizadeh M, Serahati S, Mahdavi M, Azizi F, Hosseinpanah F. Overweight and Obesity: Findings from 20 Years of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Int J Endocrinol Metab. 2018. Chen Y, Yang X, Wang J, Li Y, Ying D, Yuan H. Weight loss increases all-cause mortality in overweight or obese patients with diabetes. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018. Karahalios A, English DR, Simpson JA. Change in body size and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Epidemiol. 2016. Simonsen MK, Hundrup YA, Obel EB, Grønbaek M, Heitmann BL. Intentional weight loss and mortality among initially healthy men and women. Nutr Rev. 2008. De Stefani F do C, Pietraroia PS, Fernandes-Silva MM, Faria-Neto J, Baena CP. Observational Evidence for Unintentional Weight Loss in All-Cause Mortality and Major Cardiovascular Events: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sci Rep. 2018. Kane JA, Mehmood T, Munir I, et al. Cardiovascular Risk Reduction Associated with Pharmacological Weight Loss: A Meta-Analysis. Int J Clin Res trials. 2019;4(1). Scarale MG, Fontana A, Trischitta V, Copetti M, Menzaghi C. Circulating Adiponectin Levels Are Paradoxically Associated With Mortality Rate: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019. Chen H, Deng Y, Li S. Relation of Body Mass Index Categories with Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death. Int Heart J. 2019. Di Angelantonio E, Bhupathiraju SN, Wormser D, et al. Body-mass index and all-cause mortality: individual-participant-data meta-analysis of 239 prospective studies in four continents. Lancet. 2016. Aune D, Sen A, Prasad M, et al. BMI and all cause mortality: systematic review and non-linear dose-response meta-analysis of 230 cohort studies with 3.74 million deaths among 30.3 million participants. BMJ. 2016. Mongraw-Chaffin ML, Peters SAE, Huxley RR, Woodward M. The sex-specific association between BMI and coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 95 cohorts with 1·2 million participants. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2015. Cao Q, Yu S, Xiong W, et al. Waist-hip ratio as a predictor of myocardial infarction risk. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018. Riaz H, Khan MS, Siddiqi TJ, et al. Association Between Obesity and Cardiovascular Outcomes. JAMA Netw Open. 2018. Berger S, Meyre P, Blum S, et al. Bariatric surgery among patients with heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Open Hear. 2018. Ma C, Avenell A, Bolland M, et al. Effects of weight loss interventions for adults who are obese on mortality, cardiovascular disease, and cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2017. Liu X, Zhang D, Liu Y, et al. A J-shaped relation of BMI and stroke: Systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of 4.43 million participants. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2018. Hong X-Y, Lin J, Gu W-W. Risk factors and therapies in vascular diseases: An umbrella review of updated systematic reviews and meta-analyses. J Cell Physiol. 2019. Jayedi A, Shab-Bidar S.. Nonlinear dose-response association between body mass index and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with hypertension: A meta-analysis. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2018. Yu F, Li J, Huang Q, Cai H. Increased Peripheral Blood Visfatin Concentrations May Be a Risk Marker of Coronary Artery Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Angiology. 2018. Jayedi A, Rashidy-Pour A, Soltani S, Zargar MS, Emadi A, Shab-Bidar S. Adult weight gain and the risk of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2020. Zomer E, Gurusamy K, Leach R, et al. Interventions that cause weight loss and the impact on cardiovascular risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev. 2016. Fan J, Song Y, Chen Y, Hui R, Zhang W. Combined effect of obesity and cardio-metabolic abnormality on the risk of cardiovascular disease: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Int J Cardiol. 2013. Jayedi A, Shab-Bidar S. Nonlinear dose-response association between body mass index and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with hypertension: A meta-analysis. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2018. Liu X, Zhang D, Liu Y, Sun X, Hou Y, Wang B, Ren Y, Zhao Y, et al. A J-shaped relation of BMI and stroke: Systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of 4.43 million participants. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2018. Yu F, Li J, Huang Q, Cai H.. Increased Peripheral Blood Visfatin Concentrations May Be a Risk Marker of Coronary Artery Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Angiology. 2018. Kanji, S., Wong, E., Akioyamen, L. et al. Exploring pre-surgery and post-surgery substance use disorder and alcohol use disorder in bariatric surgery: a qualitative scoping review. Int J Obes. 2019. Kramer CK, Zinman B, Retnakaran R. Are Metabolically Healthy Overweight and Obesity Benign Conditions? Ann Intern Med. 2013. The Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration. Separate and combined associations of body-mass index and abdominal adiposity with cardiovascular disease: collaborative analysis of 58 prospective studies. Lancet. 2011. Anchor 5 Glucose and Insulin Original Research Coming soon Reviews Liao H-W, Saver J, Yeh H-C, et al. Low fasting glucose and future risks of major adverse outcomes in people without baseline diabetes or cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2019. Zhao Y, Guo M, Shi G. Prediabetes predicts adverse cardiovascular outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysis. Biosci Rep. 2020;40(1). Xun P, Wu Y, He Q, He K. Fasting insulin concentrations and incidence of hypertension, stroke, and coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013. Ruige JB, Assendelft WJJ, Dekker JM, Kostense PJ, Heine RJ, Bouter LM. Insulin and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease. Circulation. 1998. Andrade RLM, Callo G, Horta BL. C-peptide and cardiovascular mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2019. Lau L, Lew J, Borschmann K, Thijs V, Ekinci EI. Prevalence of diabetes and its effects on stroke outcomes: A meta‐analysis and literature review. J Diabetes Investig. 2019. Mitsios JP, Ekinci EI, Mitsios GP, Churilov L, Thijs V. Relationship Between Glycated Hemoglobin and Stroke Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018. Prospective Studies Collaboration and Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration, et al. Sex-specific relevance of diabetes to occlusive vascular and other mortality: a collaborative meta-analysis of individual data from 980 793 adults from 68 prospective studies. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2018. Peters SAE, Huxley RR, Woodward M. Diabetes as risk factor for incident coronary heart disease in women compared with men: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 64 cohorts including 858,507 individuals and 28,203 coronary events. Diabetologia. 2014. Wang Y, Nie Y, Yu C. Sex differences in the association between diabetes and risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 5,016,608 participants. Eur Heart J. 2019. Wang H, Ba Y, Cai R-C, Xing Q. Association between diabetes mellitus and the risk for major cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality in women compared with men: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. BMJ Open. 2019. Kramer CK, Campbell S, Retnakaran R. Gestational diabetes and the risk of cardiovascular disease in women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetologia. 2019. Zhang X, Shao F, Zhu L, Ze Y, Zhu D, Bi Y. Cardiovascular and microvascular outcomes of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled cardiovascular outcome trials with trial sequential analysis BMC Pharmacol Toxicol. 2018. Dong XL, Guan F, Xu SJ, Zhu LX, Zhang PP, Cheng AB, Liu TJ, et al. Influence of blood glucose level on the prognosis of patients with diabetes mellitus complicated with ischemic stroke. J Res Med Sci. 2018. Pan, W., Lu, H., Lian, B. et al. Prognostic value of HbA1c for in-hospital and short-term mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2019. Leon BM. Diabetes and cardiovascular disease: Epidemiology, biological mechanisms, treatment recommendations and future research. World J Diabetes. 2015;6(13):1246. Dong J, Ping Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y. The roles of endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms in diabetes mellitus and its associated vascular complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Endocrine. 2018. Pu Z, Lai L, Yang X, et al. Acute glycemic variability on admission predicts the prognosis in hospitalized patients with coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis. Endocrine. 2020;67(3):526-534. Pan Y, Chen W, Wang Y. Prediabetes and Outcome of Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2019;28(3):683-692. Laichutai N, Defronzo RA. 1456-P: Cardiovascular Outcomes in Subjects with Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) and Newly Discovered Abnormal Glucose Tolerance (AGT): A Meta-analysis. Diabetes. 2019. Gu T, Yang Q, Ying G, Jin B. Lack of association between insulin resistance as estimated by homeostasis model assessment and stroke risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Med Hypotheses. 2020. Wang P, Xu Y-Y, Lv T-T, et al. Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Angiology. 2019. Aune D, Schlesinger S, Norat T, Riboli E. Diabetes mellitus and the risk of sudden cardiac death: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2018. Li J, Song C, Li C, Liu P, Sun Z, Yang X. Increased risk of cardiovascular disease in women with prior gestational diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2018. Pulipati VP, Ravi V, Pulipati P. Cardiovascular outcomes with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2020. Malik AH, Yandrapalli S, Goldberg M, Jain D, Frishman WH, Aronow WS. Cardiovascular Outcomes With the Use of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease: An Updated Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Cardiol Rev. 2020 Fei Y, Tsoi M-F, Kumana CR, Cheung TT, Cheung BMY. Network meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcomes in randomized controlled trials of new antidiabetic drugs. Int J Cardiol. 2018 Bellastella G, Maiorino MI, Longo M, Scappaticcio L, Chiodini P, Esposito K, Giugliano D. Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Prevention of Stroke Systematic Review of Cardiovascular Outcome Trials With Meta-Analysis. Stroke. 2020. Kristensen SL, Rørth R, Jhund PS, et al. Cardiovascular, mortality, and kidney outcomes with GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2019. Zhang X, Liu Y, Zhang F, Li J, Tong N. Legacy Effect of Intensive Blood Glucose Control on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Very High Risk or Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Clin Ther. 2018. Barer Y, Cohen O, Cukierman-Yaffe T. Effect of glycaemic control on cardiovascular disease in individuals with type 2 diabetes with pre-existing cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes, Obes Metab. 2019. Anchor 8 Lipid Factors Original Research Varbo A, Benn M, Tybjærg-Hansen A, Jørgensen AB, Frikke-Schmidt R, Nordestgaard BG. Remnant Cholesterol as a Causal Risk Factor for Ischemic Heart Disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013 Reviews Cui Q, Naikoo NA. Modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors in ischemic stroke: a meta-analysis. Afr Health Sci. 2019. Ye X, Kong W, Zafar MI, Chen L-L. Serum triglycerides as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2019. Ciffone NA, Copple T. Managing dyslipidemia for CVD prevention. Nurse Pract. 2019. Akioyamen LE, Genest J, Shan SD, et al. Estimating the prevalence of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2017. Usui T, Nagata M, Hata J, et al. Serum non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and risk of stroke in the general population: A meta-analysis. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2018. 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Wang L, Ge H, Peng L, Wang B. A meta-analysis of the relationship between VEGFR2 polymorphisms and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Clin Cardiol. 2019. Totzeck M, Mincu R-I, Mrotzek S, Schadendorf D, Rassaf T. Cardiovascular diseases in patients receiving small molecules with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor activity: A meta-analysis of approximately 29,000 cancer patients. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2018;25(5):482-494. Anchor 12 Nutrition, Vascular and Cardiometabolic Team Prof Sumantra Ray Dr Rajna Golubic Dr Marjorie Lima do Vale Dr Claudia Trammont Dr Claudia-Gabriela Mitrofan Dr Federica Amati Dr Harry Jarrett Dr Luigi Palla Kai Sento Kargbo, BSc Mayara de Paula, MSc Dr Saad Mouti Dr Xiaowu Dai Prof Lisa Goldberg Dr Jeffrey Bohn Dr Christoph Nabholz Nate Jansen This page contains a diagram that is only visible on desktop devices, you can still access the other content of this page on a mobile device.

NNEdPro Global Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health is an award-winning interdisciplinary think-tank, building upon over a decade of nutrition education, research and innovation. Food Security and Sustainable Food Systems: Interdisciplinary Perspectives from Law, Economics and Nutrition 22nd April 2026 l 10am to 4pm l Johnson Room, St John's Innovation Centre l Invitation only Photos Programme NNEdPro and the University of Parma will jointly host this workshop to discuss food security and sustainable food systems from an interdisciplinary perspective. The workshop will explore how legal frameworks, public policies, economic approaches and nutritional research interact in shaping food systems, with particular attention to sustainability, equity and human rights. The event aims to present ongoing research projects, foster cross-disciplinary dialogue and identify common analytical and policy challenges across different geographical and institutional contexts. FOSTER is a Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence coordinated by the University of Parma, focused on food security and food safety within the European Union and from a global perspective. The project brings together early-career researchers from diverse disciplines to develop research, teaching, and outreach activities that address the legal, economic, policy, and nutritional dimensions of food systems. FOSTER LAB – PLANNED PRESENTATIONS ECONOMICS Michele Maccari and Angelo Buttignol Developing Sustainable Food Value Chains projects: the work of the Department of Agricultural Economics of the University of Parma The presentation will provide a panoramic overview of the work carried out within the Department of Agricultural Economics, focusing on sustainable food value chains. It will refer to different themes, countries and supply chains, with examples drawn from ongoing projects in Rwanda, Brazil, Ivory Coast and Cabo Verde, as well as research on Geographical Indications (GIs). PUBLIC, EU AND INTERNATIONAL LAW Chiara Cerbone Evolution and Establishment of Urban Policies Against Food Waste in Europe European cities are increasingly emerging as key actors in the fight against food waste through integrated policies that combine public education, collective catering planning, and infrastructure for the collection and redistribution of surplus food. Local interventions — from awareness campaigns to support for urban redistribution networks — are essential to achieve the 2030 Agenda’s targets on the sustainability of production and consumption systems. This proposed presentation aims to analyse some of the urban policies established in Europe to demonstrate how urban governance and multi‑stakeholder cooperation can transform waste into solidarity and social value. Nicola Bergamaschi The Nexus between Food Security and Trade Liberalisation in EU Trade Agreements This presentation provides a legal analysis of the clauses on food security contained in EU trade agreements, with a particular focus on two major recent developments: the inclusion of Sustainable Food Systems chapters in newly concluded or negotiated agreements (such as the EU–New Zealand and EU–Chile agreements), and the incorporation of food security clauses in the Samoa Agreement and in the Economic Partnership Agreement with Kenya. Ludovica di Lullo Securing Food, Securing Peace? An International Law Perspective on Food Security Threats While economic factors have long been recognised as primary drivers of food insecurity, the nexus between food insecurity and armed conflict has only recently gained prominence in international discourse. The UN Security Council has acknowledged that armed conflicts contribute to food crises, which in turn threaten the maintenance of international peace and security. Nevertheless, the existing legal framework adopts a narrow approach to food security, overlooking the broader implications of this phenomenon and its interconnected causes and consequences. In this context, the research examines relevant instruments of international security law, with particular focus on UN Security Council practice in sanctions regimes and peacekeeping operations. The analysis reveals emerging attention to guaranteeing access to food not only during armed conflict, but also in pre-conflict and post-conflict phases. By mapping these developments, the study aims to identify gaps in the current framework and assess the potential for more comprehensive legal approaches to conflict-related food insecurity. Luca Romano The International Protection of the Human Right to Food and Food Sustainability This presentation analyses the evolution of the international protection of the human right to food, with a particular focus on the emergence of its sustainability dimension. It examines how environmental and sustainable development considerations are progressively integrated into human rights interpretation and practice, especially through the work of international treaty bodies. The intervention reflects on the implications of this evolution for States’ obligations and food systems governance. NUTRITION Cinzia Franchini and Perla Degli Innocenti An Integrated Assessment of Food Security and Food Safety Awareness among Young Adults in a Developing Country Food security and food safety represent inextricably linked dimensions of sustainable food systems. In developing countries, the absence of an integrated framework for these dimensions often jeopardises the efficacy of public health policies. In this context, this presentation outlines a cross-sectional study that utilises validated food security indices coupled with a structured assessment of food safety literacy within a cohort of university students in Rwanda. As future leaders and decision-makers, university students constitute a pivotal demographic for shaping the resilience of food systems. By synthesising food security status with safety awareness, the study seeks to elucidate the individual-level interactions between these two pillars, providing evidence-based insights to inform integrated policy frameworks. Furthermore, this research aligns with international strategic priorities, including the European Union’s mandate to foster sustainable, safe, and resilient global food systems through collaborative research and international cooperation. PRESENTERS, PANELISTS AND CONTRIBUTORS FROM NNEDPRO Saeeda Ahmed Matheus Abrantes Sarah Armes Francesco Giurdanella Prof Martin Kohlmeier Dr Kathy Martyn Prof Sumantra Ray Participants of the NNEdPro-IANE Cambridge Summer School: A Foundation Certificate in Applied Human Nutrition will also be invited to attend this workshop.

< Regional Networks page SCOTLAND OFFICE UK & Ireland Regional Network Our history and activities in Scotland Prior to the establishment of NNEdPro in Cambridge (2008), our founders worked extensively across the clinical and public health nutrition landscape in Scotland for several years, particularly in Medical Nutrition Education. A decade and half later, marking the 15th Anniversary of the NNEdPro Global Institute in 2023, a strategy office was established in Dundee, Scotland, to provide a base to establish Scottish operations, including strategic adaptation and development of the Mobile Teaching Kitchen International Initiative (MTK). Our activities in Scotland map to one of our Regional Networks , specifically covering UK and Ireland which currently comprises over 240 members, including over 30 professionals based in Scotland. By 2028 we intend to significantly increase the proportion of members in Scotland as well as make meaningful contributions to the goals of the Scottish Good Food Nation. Our objectives in Scotland are multiple, ranging from increasing stakeholder engagement and strategic collaboration to non-profit activities with positive as well as sustainable impacts on the community at large as well as vulnerable individuals at risk of food and nutrition insecurity. In September 2023, following an official launch event at The Rowett Institute in Aberdeen, the UK Mobile Teaching Kitchen formally started its Scottish journey in November 2023, through the first in a series of culinary nutrition education workshops in partnership with Dundee & Angus College, where participants learned about different food groups, how to read food labels, and how to make healthy swaps in the recipes and the nutrient profiles for each dish. This workshop led to the development of the first 'preceptors' group within the UK. These preceptors would work with nutrition and culinary experts from the UK MTK team to subsequently train members of the public to become potential UK MTK champions. The Scottish MTK was awarded competitive funding in early 2024 from EIT Food (co-funded by the European Union), with which we implemented a highly successful proof of concept in two Dundee and Angus communities, establishing the feasibility of culinary nutrition innovation alongside food-service within Scottish cultural contexts, providing evidence on potential for sustainability, spread and scale. This led to a follow-on funding award (2024-2026) from the IMGO Foundation with added support from the Dundee and Angus region, which resulted in local embedding and advancement of community partnerships to co-create social value. The Scottish MTK has successfully delivered excellence in culinary nutrition education and food provision to over a thousand community members in just 2 years. This includes high-impact presence at the 2024 Dundee Food Festival, the 2026 Dundee Science Festival and dozens of menu-template-based public dining workshops and catering to several high-profile events, including the 2024 Dundee & Angus College of Sanctuary Dinner, the 2025 Summit Gala Dinner in Dundee, and several other ticketed culinary education and dining experience events. Evaluation and insights data from these events show consistently positive reception across Dundee, Angus, and Fife. In early 2026, marking its second anniversary in Scotland, the MTK successfully registered its very own bespoke Tartan officially approved by the Scottish Register of Tartans. To accelerate impact potential in Scotland our flagship annual event in December 2025, the 11th International Summit on Food, Nutrition and Health , was held in Dundee and St Andrews, welcoming over 120 key opinion leaders in person and many more online from all over the world. During the Summit, we had the opportunity to exchange knowledge with professionals, students, community members, and government stakeholders from the region with diverse perspectives on gaps and opportunities across agriculture, food, nutrition, health, and sustainability across Scotland and beyond. As a satellite event, we held the first edition of the Global Youth Essay Competition in collaboration with St Leonards School. On this occasion, we welcomed 21 young students and leaders (ages 13 to 19) from several countries. Furthermore, immediately following the 11th Summit we held a special symposium at the St Andrews Medical School where we launched our new Global Nutrition Observatory for Medical Nutrition Education (GNOME) . SCOTTISH COLLABORATIONS AND PARTNERSHIPS Since establishing a presence in Scotland, over 2023-2026, we have developed strong relationships with key stakeholders across the regional landscape. We have signed Memoranda of Understanding around strategic partnership activities with the Rowett Institute , the James Hutton Institute , Dundee & Angus College , and the University of Dundee . Furthermore, we have signed Letters of Intent towards developing strategic collaboration with the Scottish Alliance for Food (SCAF) as well as the Angus Climate Hub . Additionally, in Dundee/Angus, we also collaborate with the Dundee International Womens Centre, Scrapantics, the Dundee Science Centre and the Arbroath District Church Centre, whereas in Fife we work closely with the University of St Andrews, St Leonards School, and St David’s Centre. Through these inter-organisational relationships, we co-design and deliver activities that support food and nutrition related community engagement, education, awareness, and capacity building across different population groups in Scotland. These alliances have been instrumental in translating our knowledge and expertise into practice for population benefit. Over 2026-2028, leading into our 20th Anniversary, we intend to expand this collaborative network further to align with our mission and values for the benefit of Scotland, its communities, and its population at large, as well as developing evidence-informed Scottish models of change that can be adapted, spread and scaled across the UK and internationally. See all our partners here . On 27th March 2026, the UK MTK received the second-place award at the Scottish Alliance for Food (SCAF) Taste & Tales Competition .

Professor Pauline Douglas Ulster, Northern Ireland NNEdPro Vice-Chair, Chief Educationist and Operations Director p.douglas@nnedpro.org.uk BSc Dietetics, PgCHEP, MBA, MIHM, FCREATE, FIANE, FHEA, FBDA, RD Pauline has over 30 years of clinical and academic experience in dietetics. Her main teaching disciplines in the Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health at Ulster University are in Professional Practice for dietetic students and dietetic practice educators and Nutrition Education of healthcare professionals. She has been the Key Contact for Ulster University in the European funded “Dietitians Improving the Education and Training Standards (DIETS) project” and was a member of the Exploitation work package. Pauline is a previous Honorary Chairman of the British Dietetic Association (BDA). She was elected to Fellowship of the BDA for her professional achievements in 2010. She is a partner with the Health and Care Professions Council, the statutory regulator for Allied Health Professions in the UK. Pauline works closely with Ray et al across the domains of NNEdPro Global Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health and she is an elected Visiting Scholar/College Research Associate at Wolfson College, University of Cambridge. She is Visiting Professor of Leadership in Higher Education and Honorary International Co-dean and International course director in leadership and management as conferred by the Lord Rana Foundation Charitable Trust at its constituent colleges. She is a member of the Executive Committee of the European Federation of the Associations of Dietitians (EFAD). She has led and been an integral part of the European Healthy Hydration Awareness Campaign on behalf of EFAD over the past 8 years.

OUR PROJECTS REPORTS Please browse the content below to learn more about our reported projects. Our work sections are divided into four categories, and you can learn more about them, including ongoing projects here . Our Work Category Read More Matheus Abrantes Nutrition Education Policy in Healthcare Practice (NEPHELP) Our Work Category NEPHELP aims to improve nutrition training for doctors by developing, testing, and implementing nutrition education resources in hospitals and community settings. The project involves presenting core nutrition materials to doctors and other healthcare professionals, collecting their feedback, and tailoring the material and delivery to best fit their needs. NNEdPro uses the findings from this project to advocate for greater nutrition in mandatory healthcare curricula. Education and Training Centre Read More

Nutrition Education Policy in Healthcare Practice (NEPHELP) < Back Reporter Name Our Work Category Matheus Abrantes Education and Training Centre SUMMARY NEPHELP aims to improve nutrition training for doctors by developing, testing, and implementing nutrition education resources in hospitals and community settings. The project involves presenting core nutrition materials to doctors and other healthcare professionals, collecting their feedback, and tailoring the material and delivery to best fit their needs. NNEdPro uses the findings from this project to advocate for greater nutrition in mandatory healthcare curricula. BACKGROUND Nutrition training in UK medical schools is limited. Despite the fact that most doctors and medical students agree on the importance of nutrition in health and the role of doctors in promoting nutrition, studies have found that most doctors feel that their nutrition training is inadequate. As such, many doctors do not feel confident in giving nutrition advice to their patients. This lack of robust nutrition education for doctors contributes to poorer patient health outcomes. Aims - To empower doctors with greater nutrition training to become champions of nutrition in their local team. - To improve patient care and reduce the pressure of inappropriate or unsupported referrals to dietitians. - To advocate for adequate levels of nutrition education in medical school and doctor’s training. - To increase the focus on nutrition and lifestyle change to prevent and treat disease, supported by a trained healthcare workforce, working seamlessly between hospitals and the community. Outcomes - Publication of a peer-reviewed paper following a survey of junior doctor’s and medical student’s opinions of nutrition training and confidence levels. - Developed a core nutrition workshop for medical professionals and delivered this training across England. - Adapted the core nutrition workshop for an online virtual learning environment, directed at primary care doctors (GPs). Timeline 2018: NEPHELP is developed through an MNI-ESPEN funded grant 2018-2019: NEPHELP team surveys junior doctors and medical students for their opinions on nutrition training and confidence levels. A peer-reviewed paper is published in the BMJ. 2019-2020: A core nutrition workshop for medical professionals is developed and delivered across England. 2020: The nutrition workshop is adapted for an online virtual learning environment. Present: Feedback on the nutrition workshop is being collected from primary care doctors (GPS). Project Team Sumantra Ray (Principal Investigator), Kathy Martyn (Principal Investigator), Luke Buckner (Deputy Principal Investigator), Elaine MacAninch (Deputy Principal Investigator), Breanna Lepre (Project Coordination Lead), Ebiambu Agwara (Project Coordination Lead), Wanja Nyaga (Project Coordination Lead), Matheus Abrantes (Project Coordination Lead), Pauline Douglas (Key Advisor), Minha Rajput-Ray (Key Advisor), Shivani Bhat (Key Advisor), Halima Jama (Key Advisor). Outputs and Documents - Infographic: Time for Nutrition in Medical Education - Paper: Time for Nutrition in Medical Education - CN Article: Accelerating Nutrition Capacity Building for UK Doctors and Health Professionals - Webinar: Nutrition in the treatment and rehabilitation of COVID-19 - AIM Foundation Concept note - Poster: Leading Change in Nutrition Education and Training - Blog: A 13-year journey towards implementing improved medical nutrition education in the UK and beyond Previous Next

< Regional Networks page nnedpro-iane Australia New Zealand regional Network Current Activities Awards The NNEdPro-IANE ANZ Regional Network is a collaboration of health care professionals, including dietitians, doctors, academics, medical and health care educators, researchers, students, and professional associations in Australia and New Zealand. The aim of the Network is to strengthen the nutrition education and competence of healthcare professionals in Australia and New Zealand through innovation in research and education. Key Tasks The ANZ network has been contributing to a number of educational activities initiated by the Australasian Society of Lifestyle Medicine Read more To provide a collaborative space for nutrition education and research in ANZ. To identify gaps and opportunities in nutrition education and facilitate collaborations and research to fill these gaps To provide advice and develop nutrition education resources appropriate for community and educational organisations to increase nutritional knowledge Key Themes Awareness To promote awareness of the importance of community-wide nutrition education particularly to health care professionals Capacity Building To support the sharing of knowledge and resources for nutrition advocacy in education and research across ANZ Education To investigate opportunities for developing and delivering nutrition education, including resources Articles To learn more about the ANZ network and the work going on, please browse through the following Complete Nutrition Articles about the network. Turning a Terrific Two May 2018 Three Strategies to Integrate Nutrition into Existing Medical Curricula June 2017 NNEdPro Down Under: Launch of the ANZ Network May 2016 co-leads Interested Parties at the time of Establishment Download Rachel McLean Network Co-lead Breanna Lepre Network Co-lead members Abdullah Mawas Anna Jansson Clare Wall Emily Ng Eleonor Beck Esther Appiah-Yeboah Francesca Amitrano Gary Williamson Helen McCarthy Helen Truby Hung Nguyen Ngoc Jack Bell Jennifer Crowley Jimmy Chun Yu Louie Jordan Stanford Judy Bauer Julia McCartan Karen Charlton Keely O'Brien Lisa Moran Lauren Ball Melissa Adamski Minako Kataoka Nicole Chun Nouira Mohamed Salah Paul Newnham Roberta Asher Simone Gibson Shakila Banu Shane McAuliffe Stuart Thomas Tracy McCaffrey Vijay Koul Terms of referencE

CLINICAL TOOLKIT REFERENCES Background and Context This Clinical Toolkit was developed through a collaboration between the NNEdPro Global Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health and HEIGHTS, aiming to support and strengthen nutritional practices among healthcare professionals (HCPs). The toolkit highlights key nutrients of concern within the UK context, identified through public health data, including the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS), such as iron, vitamin D, vitamin B9 (folate), vitamin B12, and iodine. Additional nutrients, including riboflavin (vitamin B2), magnesium, vitamin A, and probiotics, were included based on findings from NNEdPro’s Nutrition and Supplementation Survey. This survey explored HCPs' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours related to dietary supplementation. Survey insights directly informed the toolkit’s development, helping ensure it addresses practical needs and supports the evidence-based use of nutrition and supplementation in clinical care. Please navigate the menu below to access the list of references. Vitamin B2 Folate Vitamin B12 Vitamin A Vitamin D Iron Magnesium Probiotics VITAMIN B2 (RIBOFLAVIN) National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements. (2022) Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) – Health Professional Fact Sheet. Available at: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Riboflavin-HealthProfessional/ (Accessed: 16 June 2025). Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. (n.d.) Riboflavin (Vitamin B2). The Nutrition Source. Available at: https://nutritionsource.hsph.harvard.edu/riboflavin-vitamin-b2/ (Accessed: 16 June 2025). Mahabadi, N., Bhusal, A. and Banks, S.W. (2023) Riboflavin deficiency. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK555943/ (Accessed: 16 June 2025). Aragão, M. Â., Pires, L., Santos Buelga, C., Barros, L. and Calhelha, R. C. (2024) ‘Revitalising Riboflavin: Unveiling Its Timeless Significance in Human Physiology and Health’, Foods, 13(14), Article 2255. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13142255 . Buzatu, R., Luca, M.M. and Bumbu, B.A. (2025) ‘The role of vitamin B complex in periodontal disease: A systematic review examining supplementation outcomes, age differences in children and adults, and aesthetic changes’, Nutrients, 17(7), p.1166. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17071166 . Duffy, B., McNulty, H., Ward, M. and Pentieva, K. (2024) ‘Anaemia during pregnancy: Could riboflavin deficiency be implicated?’, Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, pp. 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665124007468 . Marashly, E.T. and Bohlega, S.A. (2017) ‘Riboflavin has neuroprotective potential: Focus on Parkinson’s disease and migraine’, Frontiers in Neurology, 8, Article 333. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2017.00333 . Dricot, C.E.M.K. et al. (2024) ‘Riboflavin for women’s health and emerging microbiome strategies’, npj Biofilms and Microbiomes, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-024-00579-5 . Jarrett, H., McNulty, H., Hughes, C. F., Pentieva, K., Strain, J. J., McCann, A., ... & Ward, M. (2022) ‘Vitamin B-6 and riboflavin, their metabolic interaction, and relationship with MTHFR genotype in adults aged 18–102 years’, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 116(6), 1767-1778. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqac240 . Download Toolkit Vitamin B2 FOLATE (VITAMIN B9) Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (2025) National Diet and Nutrition Survey 2019 to 2023: report. Published 11 June 2025. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/national-diet-and-nutrition-survey-2019-to-2023/national-diet-and-nutrition-survey-2019-to-2023-report (Accessed: 15 June 2025). National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements. (2022) Folate – Health Professional Fact Sheet. Available at: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Folate-HealthProfessional/ (Accessed: 15 June 2025). Seyoum Tola, F. (2024) ‘The concept of folic acid supplementation and its role in prevention of neural tube defect among pregnant women: PRISMA’, Medicine, 103(19), e38154. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000038154 Kaye, A.D., Jeha, G.M., Pham, A.D., Fuller, M.C., Lerner, Z.I., Sibley, G.T., Cornett, E.M., Urits, I., Viswanath, O. and Kevil, C.G. (2020) ‘Folic acid supplementation in patients with elevated homocysteine levels’, Advances in Therapy, 37(10), pp. 4149–4164. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-020-01474-z Li, Y., Huang, T., Zheng, Y., Muka, T., Troup, J. and Hu, F.B. (2016) ‘Folic acid supplementation and the risk of cardiovascular diseases: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials’, Journal of the American Heart Association, 5(4), e003768. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.116.003768 Buzatu, R., Luca, M.M. and Bumbu, B.A. (2025) ‘The role of vitamin B complex in periodontal disease: A systematic review examining supplementation outcomes, age differences in children and adults, and aesthetic changes’, Nutrients, 17(7), p. 1166. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17071166 Download Toolkit Folate VITAMIN B12 (COBALAMIN) National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements. (2023) Vitamin B12 – Health Professional Fact Sheet. Available at: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminB12-HealthProfessional/ (Accessed: 17 June 2025). NMI Health. (n.d.) Vitamin B12: A review of clinical use and efficacy. Available at: https://www.nmi.health/vitamin-b12-a-review-of-clinical-use-and-efficacy/ (Accessed: 18 June 2025). NICE (2025) Prevalence of B12 and folate deficiency anaemia, NICE Clinical Knowledge Summaries. Available at: https://cks.nice.org.uk/topics/anaemia-b12-folate-deficiency/background-information/prevalence/ (Accessed 14 Jun. 2025). O’Leary, F. and Samman, S. (2010) ‘Vitamin B12 in health and disease’, Nutrients, 2(3), pp. 299–316. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu2030299 Buzatu, R., Luca, M.M. and Bumbu, B.A. (2025) ‘The role of vitamin B complex in periodontal disease: A systematic review examining supplementation outcomes, age differences in children and adults, and aesthetic changes’, Nutrients, 17(7), p. 1166. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17071166 National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). (2024) Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency in over 16s: Diagnosis and management (NICE guideline NG239). Available at: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng239 (Accessed: 16 June 2025). Fernandes, S., Oliveira, L., Pereira, A., Costa, M.C., Raposo, A., Saraiva, A. and Magalhães, B. (2024) ‘Exploring vitamin B12 supplementation in the vegan population: a scoping review of the evidence’, Nutrients, 16(10), p. 1442. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16101442 Niklewicz, A., Smith, A.D., Smith, A. et al. (2023) ‘The importance of vitamin B₁₂ for individuals choosing plant-based diets’, European Journal of Nutrition, 62(3), pp. 1551–1559. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-022-03025-4 Download Toolkit Vitamin B12 VITAMIN A Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health. (2025) Vitamin A and carotenoids – Health Professional Fact Sheet. Available at: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminA-HealthProfessional/ (Accessed: 17 June 2025). Office for Health Improvement and Disparities. (2021) Vitamin A: Migrant health guide. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/guidance/vitamin-a-deficiency-migrant-health-guide (Accessed: 17 June 2025). Menezes, M.S.S. and Almeida, C.M.M. (2024) ‘Structural, functional, nutritional and clinical aspects of vitamin A: A review’, PharmaNutrition, 27, 100383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100383 World Health Organization. Vitamin A deficiency. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/nutrition/nlis/info/vitamin-a-deficiency (Accessed: 17 June 2025). Imdad, A., Mayo-Wilson, E., Herzer, K., Bhutta, Z.A. et al. (2022) ‘Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age’, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (3), Art. No.: CD008524.pub4. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD008524.pub4 . Cruz, S., Cruz, S.P. da and Ramalho, A. (2017) ‘Impact of vitamin A supplementation on pregnant women and on women who have just given birth: A systematic review’, Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 37(3), pp. 243–250. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2017.1364182 . van den Broek, N., Dou, L., Othman, M., Neilson, J.P., Gates, S. and Gülmezoglu, A.M. (2015) ‘Vitamin A supplementation during pregnancy for maternal and newborn outcomes’, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2015(10), Art. No.: CD008666. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD008666.pub3 . Download Toolkit Vitamin A VITAMIN D National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements. (2024) Vitamin D – Health Professional Fact Sheet. Available at: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminD-HealthProfessional/ (Accessed: 17 June 2025). Office for Health Improvement and Disparities. (2025) National Diet and Nutrition Survey 2019 to 2023: Report. Published 11 June 2025. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/national-diet-and-nutrition-survey-2019-to-2023/national-diet-and-nutrition-survey-2019-to-2023-report (Accessed: 15 June 2025). Athanassiou, L., Kostoglou-Athanassiou, I., Koutsilieris, M. and Shoenfeld, Y. (2023) ‘Vitamin D and autoimmune rheumatic diseases’, Biomolecules, 13(4), p. 709. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13040709 Akpinar, Ş. and Gezmen Karadağ, M. (2022) ‘Is vitamin D important in anxiety or depression? What is the truth?’, Current Nutrition Reports, 11(4), pp. 675–681. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-022-00441-0 Bouillon, R., Manousaki, D., Rosen, C., Trajanoska, K., Rivadeneira, F. and Richards, J.B. (2022) ‘The health effects of vitamin D supplementation: Evidence from human studies’, Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 18(2),pp. 96–110. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-021-00593-z Rebelos, E., Tentolouris, N. and Jude, E. (2023) ‘The role of vitamin D in health and disease: A narrative review on the mechanisms linking vitamin D with disease and the effects of supplementation’, Drugs, 83(8), pp. 665–685. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40265-023-01875-8 NHS England and NHS Improvement. (2022) Vitamin D deficiency in adults: Management. NICE Clinical Knowledge Summaries. Available at: https://cks.nice.org.uk/topics/vitamin-d-deficiency-in-adults/management/management/ (Accessed: 16 June 2025) Department of Health and Social Care. (2021) Vitamin D and clinically extremely vulnerable (CEV) guidance. GOV.UK. Published 21 December 2020, last updated 24 February 2021. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/vitamin-d-for-vulnerable-groups/vitamin-d-and-clinically-extremely-vulnerable-cev-guidance (Accessed: 16 June 2025). Download Toolkit Vitamin D IRON National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements. (2024) Iron – Health Professional Fact Sheet. Available at: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Iron-HealthProfessional/ (Accessed: 16 June 2025). NICE Clinical Knowledge Summaries. Prevalence – Anaemia (iron deficiency): background information. Available at: https://cks.nice.org.uk/topics/anaemia-iron-deficiency/background-information/prevalence/ (Accessed: 15 June 2025). Smith, M., Drakesmith, C.W., Haynes, S., Maynard, S., Shah, A., Roy, N.B.A., Lee, J.J., Maurer, K., Stanworth, S.J. and Bankhead, C.R. (2025) ‘Prevalence and patterns of testing for anaemia in primary care in England: a cohort study using an electronic health records database’, British Journal of General Practice, 75(753), pp. e232–e240. https://doi.org/10.3399/BJGP.2024.0336 Charlebois, E. and Pantopoulos, K. (2023) ‘Nutritional aspects of iron in health and disease’, Nutrients, 15(11), Article 2441. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15112441 Nguyen, M. and Tadi, P. (2023) ‘Iron Supplementation’, in StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. NCBI Bookshelf. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557376/ (Accessed: 16 June 2025). Low, M.S.Y., Speedy, J., Styles, C.E., De Regil, L.M. and Pasricha, S.R. (2016) ‘Daily iron supplementation for improving anaemia, iron status and health in menstruating women’, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (4), Art. No.: CD009747. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009747.pub2 Pawlak, R., Berger, J. and Hines, I. (2016) ‘Iron Status of Vegetarian Adults: A Review of Literature’, American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, 12(6), pp. 486–498. https://doi.org/10.1177/1559827616682933 Download Toolkit Iron MAGNESIUM National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements. (2022) Magnesium – Health Professional Fact Sheet. Available at: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Magnesium-HealthProfessional/ (Accessed: 15 June 2025). Metabolic Support UK. (2025) Hypomagnesaemia. Available at: https://metabolicsupportuk.org/condition/hypomagnesaemia/ (Accessed: 15 June 2025). Bird, J.K., Barron, R., Pigat, S. and Bruins, M.J. (2022) ‘Contribution of base diet, voluntary fortified foods and supplements to micronutrient intakes in the UK’, Journal of Nutritional Science, 11, e51. https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2022.47 Fatima, G., Dzupina, A., Alhmadi, H.B., Magomedova, A., Siddiqui, Z., Mehdi, A. and Hadi, N. (2024) ‘Magnesium matters: A comprehensive review of its vital role in health and diseases’, Cureus, 16(10), e71392. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.71392 Veronese, N., Demurtas, J., Pesolillo, G., Celotto, S., Barnini, T., Calusi, G. et al. (2020) ‘Magnesium and health outcomes: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational and intervention studies’, European Journal of Nutrition, 59(1), pp. 263–272. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-019-01905-w Sadeghi, N., Sadeghi, N., Heshmati, J., Mirmiran, P., Azizi, F. and Salehi-Abargouei, A. (2021) ‘Effect of magnesium supplementation on women's health and well-being: A systematic review and meta-analysis’, Heliyon, 7(1), e06079. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06079 Download Toolkit Magnesium PROBIOTICS National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements. (2025) Probiotics – Health Professional Fact Sheet. Available at: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Probiotics-HealthProfessional/ (Accessed: 23 June 2025). Das, T.K., Pradhan, S., Chakrabarti, S., Mondal, K.C., and Ghosh, K. (2022) ‘Current status of probiotic and related health benefits’, Applied Food Research, 2(2), 100185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afres.2022.100185 Maftei, N.-M., Raileanu, C.R., Balta, A.A., Ambrose, L., Boev, M., Marin, D.B. and Lisa, E.L. (2024) ‘The potential impact of probiotics on human health: An update on their health-promoting properties’, Microorganisms, 12(2), Article 234. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12020234 Gul, S. and Durante-Mangoni, E. (2024) ‘Unraveling the puzzle: Health benefits of probiotics—a comprehensive review’, Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(5), Article 1436. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13051436 Bodke, H. and Jogdand, S. (2022) ‘Role of probiotics in human health’, Cureus, 14(11), e31313. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.31313 Fernández-Alonso, M., Aguirre Camorlinga, A., Messiah, S.E. and Marroquin, E. (2022) ‘Effect of adding probiotics to an antibiotic intervention on the human gut microbial diversity and composition: a systematic review’, Journal of Medical Microbiology, 71(11), Article 001625. https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.001625 Satish Kumar, L., Pugalenthi, L.S., Ahmad, M., Reddy, S., Barkhane, Z. and Elmadi, J. (2022) ‘Probiotics in irritable bowel syndrome: A review of their therapeutic role’, Cureus, 14(4), e24240. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.24240 Dockterman, J. and Rabinowitz, L. (2024) Can probiotics help calm inflammatory bowel disease? Harvard Health Publishing. Available at: https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/can-probiotics-help-calm-inflammatory-bowel-disease-202411133081 (Accessed: 24 June 2025). Goodman, C., Keating, G., Georgousopoulou, E., Hespe, C. and Levett, K. (2021) ‘Probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea: a systematic review and meta-analysis’, BMJ Open, 11(8), e043054. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043054 Kopacz, K. and Phadtare, S. (2022) ‘Probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea’, Healthcare, 10(8), p.1450. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10081450 Al Sharaby, A., Abugoukh, T.M., Ahmed, W., Ahmed, S. and Elshaikh, A.O. (2022) ‘Do probiotics prevent Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea?’, Cureus, 14(8), e27624. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.27624 Zhang, Y. et al. (2024) ‘Probiotic interventions in inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review’, Nutrition Reviews, 83(2), e25. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuad103 Ong, T.G., Gordon, M., Banks, S.S.C., Thomas, M.R. and Akobeng, A.K. (2019) ‘Probiotics to prevent infantile colic’, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2019(3), CD012473. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD012473.pub2 Mei, Z. and Li, D. (2022) ‘The role of probiotics in vaginal health’, Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 12, Article 963868. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.963868 National Eczema Society. Diet and eczema. Available at: https://eczema.org/information-and-advice/living-with-eczema/diet-and-eczema/ (Accessed: 24 June 2025). Jiang, L., Zhang, L., Xia, J., Cheng, L., Chen, G., Wang, J. and Raghavan, V. (2024) ‘Probiotics supplementation during pregnancy or infancy on multiple food allergies and gut microbiota: a systematic review and meta-analysis’, Nutrition Reviews, 83(2), e25–e41. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuae024 • Huang, R., Xing, H.Y., Liu, H.J., Chen, Z.F. and Tang, B.B. (2021) ‘Efficacy of probiotics in the treatment of acute diarrhea in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials’, Translational Pediatrics, 10(12), pp. 3201–3213. https://doi.org/10.21037/tp-21-511 Yang, Z., Zhou, Y., Han, Z., He, K., Zhang, Y., Wu, D. and Chen, H. (2024) ‘The effects of probiotics supplementation on Helicobacter pylori standard treatment: an umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analyses’, Scientific Reports, 14, Article 10069. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-59399-4 Kumar, A., Sivamaruthi, B.S., Dey, S., Kumar, Y., Malviya, R., Prajapati, B.G. and Chaiyasut, C. (2024) ‘Probiotics as modulators of gut-brain axis for cognitive development’, Frontiers in Pharmacology, 15, Article 1348297. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2024.1348297 Ferrari, S., Mulè, S., Parini, F., Galla, R., Ruga, S., Rosso, G., Brovero, A., Molinari, C. and Uberti, F. (2024) ‘The influence of the gut-brain axis on anxiety and depression: A review of the literature on the use of probiotics’, Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, 14(3), pp. 237–255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2024.03.011 Download Toolkit Probiotics Acknowledgements We gratefully acknowledge the contributions of the following individuals for their roles in the design, implementation, and analysis of the KAPL survey and the development of this toolkit: Sarah Armes Priyanka Kotak Matheus Abrantes Dr Jenneffer Tibaes Dr Harry Jarrett Professor Sumantra Ray

< Our Work page SOCIAL ENTERPRISE, Global Operations & Impact Since 2017, we have supported the development of innovative social enterprise ventures intended to contribute to nutritional equity, population health, and community resilience, such as the multi-award-winning Mobile Teaching Kitchen International Initiative (MTKi), which operates across multiple jurisdictions. Our work in this area has been supported extensively by UKRI Global and Grand Challenges awards operated through consortia led by the University of Cambridge. Since 2019, our Institute has operated as a non-profit social enterprise hosted at St John’s Innovation Centre, Cambridge, supported by Innovate UK, and our global operations bring together a vast array of professionals from across the six continents into a single delivery framework. Our pathways to impact include international policy dialogue, the development of global youth leaders and the recognition of excellence in communities of practice through annual awards. Aim Direct action and evaluation to lessen the nutrition and health inequalities gap through building transferrable and scalable models of lean innovation and through the empowerment of marginalised populations with a focus on lesser resourced settings. key programmes and platforms Mobile Teaching Kitchen International (MTKi) Initiative Flagship Social Enterprise programme The Mobile Teaching Kitchen International (MTKi) Initiative is a multi-award-winning flagship programme delivering culinary nutrition education integrated with microenterprise development. It operates across multiple geographies, including India, the UK, Mexico, and the USA. MTKi functions as a community-based model linking nutrition education, behaviour change, and livelihood generation, with implementation across diverse populations and settings, including the Bhavishya Shakti Co-operative Society in India. Community-based delivery linking nutrition education, behaviour change, and livelihood generation Implementation across diverse populations and local contexts Integration of training, enterprise development, and community engagement Localised models, including the Bhavishya Shakti Co-operative Society in India UK & International Policy Dialogue Forum Global Advocacy Platform The UK & International Policy Dialogue Forum serves as a strategic platform for global advocacy, bringing together cross-sector stakeholders to enable structured dialogue at the intersection of policy, research, and implementation in food, nutrition, and health. Through this forum, we bring together policy makers, multilateral organisations, academic institutions, and implementation partners to facilitate evidence-informed dialogue, knowledge exchange, and alignment across sectors. Engagement with policymakers, academic institutions, and implementation partners. Facilitation of dialogue and knowledge exchange across sectors. Alignment with national, regional, and global policy ecosystems. junior ambassdors Future leaders and Public engagement Our Global Youth Ambassadors Club is designed to build early leadership, awareness, and community-led action across food, nutrition, and sustainability. Flagship programmes include: Global Youth Essay Competition : an annual initiative inviting young participants across age groups and geographies to reflect on pressing global nutrition and health challenges, fostering critical thinking, innovation, and the articulation of future-facing solutions The Confluence : an interdisciplinary performing arts initiative that brings together culture, storytelling, and performance to reflect key global themes, inspire social awareness, and mobilise support for NNEdPro’s community-based intervention programmes. The International Food and Nutrition Trust (TIFN) Recognition, Awards and GLobal IMpact Forum The International Food and Nutrition Trust (TIFN), founded by NNEdPro, drives the recognition and amplification of excellence and impact across food, nutrition, and health initiatives globally. The Trust delivers the NNEdPro-IANE Annual Awards Scheme , in association with the NNEdPro International Summit, recognising individuals and organisations contributing to nutrition education, research, policy, and community impact. Global Operations & Virtual Delivery crosscutting social enterprise platform Our Social Enterprise work is enabled by a coordinated global, virtual and digitally enabled operating model, allowing: collaboration across multiple countries; efficient programme delivery; and global stakeholder engagement. work with us We welcome collaborations with funders, partners, and organisations aligned with our mission to advance nutrition equity and population health. To explore partnership opportunities, please contact us or reach out to discuss how we can work together. Contact Us

members Navigation Presidential Officers Board of Directors Operations Volunteers Interns International Virtual Core International Collaborators Regional Networks Academy (IANE) Network Ambassadors Network Alumni Network Interdisciplinary Project Teams Advisory & Steering Committees Special Interest Groups Members Index Honorary president of nnedpro Prof Suzanne Piscopo Honorary Vice PresidentS of NNEdPro Dr Melina Jampolis Prof Tamara Bucher honorary Emeritus patrons of NNEdPro Lord Balfe of Dulwich Prof Caryl Nowson Lord Rana OBE of Malone

2nd round Kids Kitchen Club Challenge 2024 Sustainable Nutrition NNEdPro in its mission to bring nutrition to children, is working towards creating awareness among kids aged 4-15 about the food they consume and its importance. NNEdPro has chosen to focus on "Sustainable Nutrition" for this year, building on the success of previous years, and welcomes all 4 to 15-year-olds to take part in this creative art challenge by submitting a piece of work based on the appropriate subtopics for their age group. We encourage all primary and secondary schools to utilise the downloadable interactive worksheet curated by us to conduct the competition in their own institutions. As this year marks the 15th Anniversary of NNEdPro, the participants will be incorporating their ideas into the number 15 template provided as part of the worksheet, which also contains a crossword puzzle in order to familiarise themselves with some of the key sustainable nutrition terms. We hope to see a lot of enthusiastic children taking their first step towards learning about sustainable nutrition. Co mpetition time line Submission Deadline – 15th March 2024 Judging Panel – 22nd March 2024 Winners Announcement – 30th March 2024 INSTRUCTIONS For this year we have divided the children into 3 age groups for participation. Each age group has a separate topic and some guiding questions to get them thinking about the various subtopics that they could potentially explore in their artwork. There is a downloadable worksheet that contains the number 15 template on one side and an interactive crossword puzzle based on some sustainable nutrition terms on the other side. Apart from this, there is an information sheet for the teachers/parents/caregivers in order to better equip them in initiating this particular competition and further facilitate continuous nutritional education for children. 4-6 years Distribute a printed sheet of recycled paper with the number 15 Kids will be asked to draw their favourite and healthy foods inside the number 15 Guiding questions What is your favourite fruit or veggie? Why do you like that fruit or veggie? Is it healthy? Is it local? 7-10 years Distribute a printed sheet of recycled paper with the number 15 or to draw an artwork in the form of number 15 Kids will be asked to draw their favourite dish and then analyse its impact on their health Guiding Questions What is your favourite dish? Can you illustrate the components of the dish? Is it healthy? Where are the components produced? What about the content of salt and sugar? 11-15 years Make a collage of the impact of what you eat on planetary health Draw a comic/story based on this concept Guiding Questions Would you consider what you eat as being healthy and nutritious? What are your thoughts on food waste and its impact on the environment? What are the ultra-processed foods that you consume? Please submit your work to info@nnedpro.org.uk with the subject line "Kids Kitchen Club Challenge 2024". Extra activity (optional) Grow beans or seeds on cotton balls Decorate your jar Take pictures every day We will create a digital collage with all the pictures! Additional materials Information sheet Worksheet This year, the NNEdPro Kids Kitchen Club is proud to support the Mobile Literacy Library. Click here to support. FROM THE JUNIOR AMBASSADORS Message by Giselle Dürre Message by Nikitah Ray Read now 2023 winner Aryaditya Bardhar 8 years old 2022 winners JOINT FIRST PRIZE Vania Kejem 10 years old Dish: Accra Beans and Pap JOINT FIRST PRIZE Yanica Ann Zammit 8 years old Dish: Carob Energy Balls RUNNER UP Crystal Rose Ben Aissa 11 years old Tasty avocado on toast topped with a spiced poached egg 2021 winners COMPLETE BREAKFAST BEST PRESENTATION WITH EXPLANATION Loreley Mellor United Kingdom 12 years old Dish: Slow cooked home baked beans BEST PRESENTATION WITH EXPLANATION Gursakhi Nirankari India 13 years old Dish: Stuffed Paneer Paratha, Poha and Masala Tea INCLUDES REGIONAL FOODS BEST PRESENTATION WITH EXPLANATION Suryakant Tudu India 11 years old Dish: Fried Fermented Rice Balls COMPLETE BREAKFAST DISH Yasmin Bissi Brazil 8 years old Dish: Nutritious family breakfast MOST ORIGINAL AND NUTRITIOUS DISH Rafael Hajiyev Azerbaijan 10 years old Dish: Kükü DOES NOT INCLUDE ULTRA-PROCESSESED FOODS Sifat Wadhwa India 9 years old Dish: Upma 2020 WINNERS Alvin Keffa 12 years old Arun Dutta-Reynolds 9 years old Antonina Augustyniak-Gibbons 9 years old Giselle Dürre 12 years old more inspiration Check out the videos below for recipes prepared by Nikitah Rajput Ray, NNEdPro Junior Ambassador . Disclaimer: The recipes displayed on this webpage are as provided by the participants of the Kids Kitchen Club Challenge. However, displaying these recipes does not constitute an endorsement of any sort by NNEdPro or its partners. Terms and conditions of the participants of the Kids Kitchen Club Challenge 2023 Winners of the Kids Kitchen Club Challenge 2023 will be invited to become co-ordinating members of the Junior Ambassadors Club, and if mutually acceptable, the following terms must be fulfilled to remain in the membership: Mandatory attendance at 75% of virtual meetings over the year. Active involvement in meetings and actions. Compliance with assigned activities in timely fashion. Willingness to contribute to Kids Kitchen Club Challenge activities especially with ideas. Be respectful and have good behaviour in all sessions and activities of the Junior Ambassadors Club and Kids Kitchen Club Challenge.

< Regional Networks page NNEdpro-iane USA Regional Network Current Activities Launched on July 28, 2019: The NNEdPro-IANE USA Regional Network is a collaboration of dietitians, doctors, academics, medical and health care educators, researchers students and professional associations in the United States of America. Key Aims Enabling knowledge exchange between the US and I-KANN-25 Advocating the prioritisation of nutrition capacity building in the US healthcare system Pilot the NNEdPro Mobile teaching Kitchen Project for marginalised populations in the USA Implement and evaluation potential international models of nutrition education in the USA Launch Event Read our blog post! Read Now Co-Leads interested parties Download Elizabeth Helzner Network Co-Lead Martin Kohlmeier Network Co-Lead members Abdullah Mawas Aimee Afable Alice Benskin Aliza Stark Alka Gupta Arshan Goudarzi Amelia Storck Brenda Bohn Carine Lenders Charlotte Pratt Chidera Chioma Cindy Munkhgerel Dan Maunder Daniel Chang Daniel Dayen Danvy Truong Dar Yoffe David Sharp Deborah Kennedy Dorothy Nankanja Eloisa Trinidad Emmanuel Baah Emily Johnston Emily Katz Emily Krueger Esther Appiah-Yeboah Filippa Juul Frank Greenwood Golbahar Yazdanifar Grigorina Mitrofan Gwen Twillman Hsiao-Liang Pai Hung Nguyen Ngoc Isobel Contento Jasia Steinmetz Jeffrey Bohn Jen Shamro Jessica Carmila John Jessica Daly Jie Zhu Juliet Vickar Kai Kagbo Kate Burbank Kathleen Duemling Kathrina Crystallis Lisa Goldberg Margarita Taran-Garcia Maria Korre Mariana Markell Marilyn S. Edwards Melina Jampolis Neda Sedora-Roman Neha Kumar Nicole Brandt Nicole Farmer Norbert Goldfield Nouira Mohamed Salah Olivia Lawler Pao-Hwa Lin Patricia Mogrovejo Paula Littlejohn Randy Pothen Rasarie Wimalana Rebecca Johnson Rebecca Rudel Robert Hay Robert Neda Samuel Degenhard Scott Nichols Shakuntala Thilsted Shivani Bhat Tecla Coleman Terri Stone Tiffany Powell-Wiley Tirna Purkait Travis Masterson Vander Carter Virginia (Ginnie) Uhley Virginie Zoumenou Zola Ndondita Zorita Sconta Zubaida Qamar Terms of reference