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07 February 2024 Welcome to the First Anna Edesia Newsletter of 2024! We're excited to kick off the new year with you and share the January  updates through our Anna Edesia Newsletter. January 5, 2024 Little Literacy Library (LLL) - Illuminating Futures, One Child at a Time January 9, 2024 Bhavishya Shakti Cooperative Society - Empowering Lives through Nutrition and Entrepreneurship January 30, 2024 NNEdPro Global Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health: Position Statement on low carbohydrate diets in the management of type 2 diabetes REGISTER NOW  for the NNEdPro-Cambridge Summer School & Foundation Certificate in Applied Human Nutrition Unlock the Door to Nutrition Excellence with the NNEdPro-Cambridge Summer School & Foundation Certificate in Applied Human Nutrition!   We are thrilled to announce that registration is now open for the highly anticipated NNEdPro-Cambridge Summer School & Foundation Certificate in Applied Human Nutrition. This exclusive programme is a foundation-level certificate in Applied Human Nutrition covering basic nutritional concepts, from current research and methods, to prevention, healthcare and policy applications: Basic Concepts in Human Nutrition Nutrition Research Methods​ Nutrition in Disease Prevention Nutrition in Healthcare Nutrition Public Health and Policy   Next Cohort: 10th and 11th of April 2024 NEW BOOK ANNOUNCEMENT Essentials of Nutrition in Medicine and Healthcare, 1st Edition A Practical Guide takes a systems-based approach to medical nutrition. It includes the pathophysiology of nutrition-related disease as well as the clinical application of nutrition theory in disease management and the role of nutrition in public health. It covers the basics of physiology and biochemistry, including relevant drug-nutrient interactions. OUR IMPACT REPORT The Fifteen-Year Impact Report (2008-2023) Building on over a decade and a half of nutrition education, research and innovation. An 'A to Z' of NNEdPro's activities, outputs and expertise from the last 15 years. BE AWARE The official websites of NNEdPro Global Institute and its subsidiaries are listed below. Please note that any other websites with similar names which do not conform to these URLs are not run by us and do not represent our organisation: www.nnedpro.org.uk vle.nnedpro.org.uk www.iane.online www.createacademy.online www.mtki.org www.ikann.global PLEASE SUPPORT US Your support is not just a donation; it's an investment in a healthier, more equitable world. Together, we can turn the tide against malnutrition and build a future where everyone has the opportunity to thrive. Join us in this vital mission.

Authors  – Ramya Rajaram   Key Contributors  – Sumantra Ray, Sarah Armes  Acknowledgements - We would like to extend our heartfelt thanks to all those who contributed to making the Dundee Food Festival, the culminating event of UK MTK Phase 1, a resounding success.   A special note of gratitude goes to EIT Food , whose funding made the UK Mobile Teaching Kitchen Initiative (MTKi) Proof of Concepts possible. Their support has been instrumental in advancing this initiative. Special recognition goes to the NNEdPro team , led by Prof. Sumantra Ray (PI) and Dr. Kathy Martyn (Co-PI), whose leadership and guidance were instrumental throughout the project. We are grateful to Matheus Abrantes and Sarah Armes, our project managers, for their tireless coordination and oversight. Thanks to Chef Kantesh Chowdhury, whose culinary expertise elevated the event, and to Prof. Pauline Douglas, Rauf Khalid, Sucheta Mitra, Wanja Nyaga, and Dr. Ramya Rajaram for their invaluable support and contributions.   We would also like to acknowledge the staff at Dundee & Angus College —Katie Baxter, Maja Gach, Fiona Kilcullen, Sarah Sullivan, Kichelle Williams-Robinson, and their team members—who played an essential role in the event's seamless execution.   A huge thank you to our Champions —Beth Fitzsimmons, Rebecca McCagh, Kathleen McLeod, Debbie Nelson, and Tracey Toal—for their passion and dedication to making this event a memorable experience.  Lastly, we would like to express our gratitude to the Volunteers and Ristolab , especially Dr. Sofia Cavalleri and Chef Amabile Cortiglia, for their invaluable contributions in supporting this effort.   This event would not have been possible without the collective effort, expertise, and dedication of everyone involved.     On the weekend of July 6th and 7th, Dundee Food Festival witnessed an exciting culinary showcase that brought together tradition, innovation, and community spirit. The event marked the culmination of a unique partnership between NNEdPro and Dundee and Angus College, featuring the Mobile Teaching Kitchen (MTK) UK adaptation—a project aimed at empowering local women through culinary training. The festival provided the perfect platform to highlight the skills and achievements of our Champions, a group of women from Arbroath who had participated in an intensive six-month culinary training program.  Six months ago, these committed   women   embarked on a series of five culinary training sessions. These sessions, carefully designed and delivered through the MTK initiative, were more than just cooking classes—they were opportunities for these women to learn, grow, and build confidence in their culinary abilities. The training covered three distinct menu templates: a traditional Indian menu, a Mediterranean Menu, and a newly adapted Scottish menu, crafted to be nutritious, flavourful, and reflective of the cultural diversity within the UK.  As these Champions honed their skills, they also prepared to take on a significant challenge: showcasing their creations to the public at a major food festival. The Dundee Food Festival, with its vibrant atmosphere and diverse audience, was the ideal venue for this grand reveal.  A Culinary Showcase at Dundee Food Festival   The MTK stall at the Dundee Food Festival was a hive of activity throughout the weekend. Visitors were drawn in by the enticing aromas and the promise of dishes that were not only delicious but also nutritious and affordable. Our Champions skilfully prepared and served two distinct menus: the Indian menu, which offered rich, aromatic flavours, and the Scottish menu, which highlighted local ingredients with a fresh twist.  The response from the public was overwhelmingly positive. Festival-goers were delighted by the flavourful bento boxes paired with soothing chai, many expressing surprise at how such nutritious meals could be so affordable. The interaction between our Champions, NNEdPro staff, and the public was lively and engaging, creating a buzz around the stall that persisted throughout the event.  Beyond Taste: Building Awareness and Community   While the delicious food was the highlight, the event also served as a platform to raise awareness about nutrition and the importance of healthy eating. Visitors to our stall were not only treated to flavourful dishes but were also excited to purchase our cookbooks, which feature healthy Indian recipes based on our Indian menu templates. These cookbooks offered the public an opportunity to try out nutritious, culturally inspired dishes at home, sparking significant interest and enthusiasm.  Beyond the food and cookbooks, many people were intrigued by the whole concept of the MTK and the broader work of our organisation. The festival provided an excellent opportunity to showcase the impact of the MTK initiative and engage with the community on a deeper level. Through surveys conducted at the stall, we gathered valuable insights into public nutritional awareness, helping us understand how initiatives like MTK can further impact communities. Our Champions were not just cooking, they were engaging with the public, sharing stories, and managing sales, all of which contributed to their growth and confidence. The hands-on experience of interacting with customers and handling the logistics of a busy food stall added an invaluable dimension to their training.  A Successful Step Forward   The Dundee Food Festival was more than just an event, it was a celebration of the potential within our communities when given the right opportunities and support. The success of our Champions at the festival underscores the power of the MTK initiative, not just as a culinary training program, but as a catalyst for microenterprise and community empowerment.   This weekend highlighted the meaningful impact that can be achieved through collaboration, skill development, and public engagement. As we look to the future, the MTK initiative will continue to build on this success, exploring new ways to empower individuals and transform communities through the universal language of food.

Author: Janice Man  Editors: Sarah Armes & Jenneffer Tibaes  Contributors: Sumantra Ray & Matheus Abrantes     Acknowledgements: NNEdPro Global Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, International Academy of Nutrition Educators (IANE), BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health, Francis W. B. Sanders, Animesh Acharjee, Celia Walker, Luke Marney, Lee D. Roberts, Fumiaki Imamura, Benjamin Jenkins, Jack Case, Sumantra Ray, Samuel Virtue, Antonio Vidal-Puig, Diana Kuh, Rebecca Hardy, Michael Allison, Nita Forouhi, Andrew J. Murray, Nick Wareham, Michele Vacca, Albert Koulman, and Julian L. Griffin Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) is becoming an increasingly common health concern worldwide, affecting millions of people across various age groups. Often linked with obesity and metabolic syndrome, MASLD is characterised by the abnormal accumulation of fat in the liver, which can progress to more severe liver conditions if left untreated. While excessive fat intake has long been blamed for this condition, recent research reveals that the story is far more complex. This study investigates the link between carbohydrate consumption and hepatic steatosis, with a specific focus on de novo lipogenesis (DNL) — the process by which the liver converts excess carbohydrates into fatty acids. The researchers hypothesise that increased DNL following carbohydrate intake contributes to developing and exacerbating hepatic steatosis, thus identifying a metabolic pathway that may influence the risk of fatty liver disease. Understanding this mechanism is crucial in determining dietary strategies to mitigate MASLD progression.    Key Findings:   Elevated De Novo Lipogenesis (DNL) Following Carbohydrate Consumption:  The study found that individuals with hepatic steatosis exhibited significantly elevated DNL activity after consuming carbohydrate-rich meals. This suggests that carbohydrates, particularly refined sugars, fuel lipid synthesis in the liver, leading to fat accumulation.   Insulin Resistance and Lipogenesis:  Insulin resistance was positively correlated with increased DNL. Insulin resistance, common in metabolic syndromes, impairs the body's ability to regulate DNL, resulting in more fat being synthesised and stored in the liver.  Dietary Carbohydrate Composition Matters:  The composition of carbohydrates in the diet plays a crucial role in modulating DNL. Simple sugars, such as fructose, were more potent in stimulating DNL than complex carbohydrates. This indicates that not all carbohydrates pose the same risk for hepatic steatosis. While simple sugars rapidly increase blood glucose and insulin levels, contributing to fat synthesis, complex carbohydrates are metabolised more slowly, posing a lower risk.  Protective Role of Dietary Fat Substitution: Substituting certain dietary fats for carbohydrates was shown to reduce DNL and, consequently, hepatic fat content. However, the type of fat substituted matters—monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats (found in foods like olive oil, nuts, and fish) are generally more protective against MASLD compared to saturated fats. This suggests that a low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet may be protective against hepatic steatosis in some individuals.  Impact on Weight Loss and Liver Health:  The results indicated that reducing carbohydrate intake, particularly sugars, decreased DNL and helped reduce overall liver fat content. This highlights the potential of carbohydrate restriction in managing MASLD alongside other lifestyle modifications such as exercise and weight loss.    The study's findings have significant implications for managing and preventing hepatic steatosis and MASLD. By identifying the direct link between carbohydrate consumption, DNL, and hepatic fat accumulation, the research suggests that dietary interventions focusing on reducing refined sugars and limiting carbohydrate intake could be crucial in preventing and treating MASLD. This is especially relevant for individuals with insulin resistance, where managing carbohydrate intake may help reduce the liver's tendency to synthesise excess fat. These insights contribute to developing more targeted nutritional guidelines and therapeutic approaches for managing fatty liver disease.    If you are interested in reading more about this study, click here .   10th International Summit on Food, Nutrition and Health, Democratising & Decolonising Food & Nutrition: From Science to Society   The NNEdPro Global Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, in partnership with the International Academy of Nutrition Educators (IANE) and BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health, is hosting an upcoming Summit, "Democratising and Decolonising Food and Nutrition: From Science to Society" from December 17th to 20th in Kolkata, India.     This event promotes global collaboration by incorporating various perspectives into food and nutrition research, education, practice, and policy. The Summit will emphasise the importance of inclusive dialogue, focusing on contributions from historically marginalised communities, and will explore strategies to connect traditional knowledge with modern scientific approaches.    Learn more about the Summit and register here . If you have any questions, please contact us at learning@nnedpro.org.uk

Author: Janice Man  Editors: Sarah Armes & Jenneffer Tibaes   Contributors: Sumantra Ray & Matheus Abrantes     Acknowledgements: NNEdPro Global Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health; International Academy of Nutrition Educators (IANE); BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health; Authors of the Nutrition Bulletin Editorial on GLP1 - Adrian Brown; Duane Mellor; Janine Makaronidis; Emma Shuttlewood; Alexander Dimitr Miras; Dimitri J. Pournaras In the ongoing battle against obesity, researchers are continually searching for innovative solutions to support effective weight management and improve overall health. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has emerged as a significant player in this arena, demonstrating its crucial role in regulating appetite and glucose metabolism. Secreted in response to food intake, GLP-1 promotes feelings of fullness, slows gastric emptying, and enhances insulin secretion. This blog will explore five key findings related to GLP-1's role in obesity management and discuss its implications for food and nutrition.  Key Findings on GLP-1 and Obesity Management: Appetite Regulation:  GLP-1 is instrumental in suppressing appetite. Research shows that synthetic GLP-1 receptor agonists significantly reduce food intake by enhancing satiety signals, leading individuals to consume fewer calories and aiding in weight loss (Brown et al., 2024).  Weight Loss Efficacy: Clinical trials have demonstrated that GLP-1 receptor agonists, such as liraglutide and semaglutide, result in substantial weight loss in individuals with obesity. Participants in these studies experienced an average weight reduction of 5-10% over several months, showcasing the effectiveness of these medications as part of a comprehensive weight management strategy ( Brown et al., 2024).  Improved Metabolic Health: Beyond weight loss, GLP-1 therapy has been linked to improved metabolic markers, including reductions in blood sugar levels and enhanced lipid profiles. These benefits are particularly relevant for individuals with obesity, who face a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases ( Brown et al., 2024).  Long-term Sustainability:  Research indicates that weight loss achieved through GLP-1 receptor agonists can be maintained over the long term with continued use. This sustainability is crucial for individuals struggling with obesity, as maintaining weight loss is often a significant challenge (Brown et al., 2024).  Integration with Lifestyle Changes:  GLP-1 treatments work best when combined with lifestyle modifications, such as dietary changes and physical activity. This holistic approach not only enhances the effectiveness of GLP-1 therapy but also fosters better overall health outcomes ( Brown et al., 2024).    Implications: GLP-1 and Its Connection to Food and Nutrition  The findings related to GLP-1 highlight its potential as a powerful tool in combating obesity, particularly when integrated with a balanced diet and healthy lifestyle choices. By promoting satiety and supporting metabolic regulation, GLP-1 offers a biochemical foundation for managing food intake more effectively. Nutritionists and healthcare providers can leverage this knowledge to develop tailored dietary recommendations that align with GLP-1 therapies, ensuring that patients achieve not only weight loss but also lasting health improvements.    In conclusion, as we delve into the complex interplay between hormones, nutrition, and weight management, GLP-1 stands out as a beacon of hope for those seeking effective strategies to combat obesity. Its integration into a broader framework of healthy eating and lifestyle changes represents a promising path to achieving sustainable health outcomes.    For an in-depth exploration of GLP-1 and its implications for nutrition and obesity management, check out this comprehensive study .     References  Brown, A., Mellor, D., Makaronidis, J., Shuttlewood, E., Miras, A. D., & Pournaras, D. J. (2024). “from evidence to practice” – insights from the multidisciplinary team on the optimal integration of glp‐1 receptor agonists in obesity management services. Nutrition Bulletin , 49 (3), 257–263. https://doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12700   10th International Summit on Food, Nutrition, and Health: Democratising and Decolonising Food and Nutrition for Sustainable Development    The NNEdPro Global Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, in collaboration with the International Academy of Nutrition Educators (IANE) and BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health, is proud to announce the 10th International Summit on Food, Nutrition, and Health, themed "Democratising and Decolonising Food and Nutrition: From Science to Society." This significant event will take place from December 17th to 20th, 2024, in Kolkata, India.    This Summit aims to foster global collaboration by integrating diverse perspectives into the fields of food and nutrition research, education, practice, and policy. With a strong emphasis on inclusive dialogue, the event will highlight contributions from historically marginalised communities and explore innovative strategies that connect traditional knowledge with contemporary scientific approaches.    Be a part of transformative discussions that impact the future of food and nutrition. Learn more about the 10th International Summit on Food, Nutrition, and Health  and secure your spot by registering today.    For any inquiries regarding the Summit or registration, please contact us at  learning@nnedpro.org.uk .

An overview of the IANE Webinar held on 20 November 2024. Speaker: Mercedes Zorrilla Tejeda  Author: Holly Giles  Reviewers:  Sarah Armes  In recent decades, advancements in healthcare, sanitation, and nutrition have significantly increased life expectancy, enabling individuals to live longer than ever before. However, this rise in life expectancy has not been partnered with an increase in health expectancy —the number of years an individual can expect to live in good health. As a result, many older adults now face prolonged periods of living with chronic illnesses, disabilities, or diminished quality of life [1]. This discrepancy between life expectancy and health expectancy places additional strain on individuals, families, and healthcare systems, highlighting the importance of addressing not just longevity but also healthy aging through preventive care, lifestyle interventions, and better management of chronic conditions leading to an increase in the number of years older adults can expect to spend in poor health.  Exercise for Older Adults   One of the key methods to address the development of non-communicable diseases such as obesity and hypertension, is through regular exercise. All older adults should undertake regular physical activity totalling 150-300 minutes of moderate intensity aerobic activity each week, as well as muscle strengthening exercises on at least 2 days of the week [2]. Older adults should limit the amount of time they spend in a sedentary setting and replace this time with more active choices [2]. While exercise can be challenging for some older adults, social prescribing can be an effective way to encourage physical activity. These initiatives provide support by offering access to safe environments, making the activity enjoyable, and boosting confidence to exercise safely.  Diet In partnership with exercise, having a healthy diet is a key driver for quality of life in older adults. Micronutrient deficiencies and malnutrition are common in this demographic, due to irregular and altered eating behaviours.  The Mediterranean diet has been associated with a wide range of health benefits, including reduced rates of obesity, hypertension, metabolic syndrome and dyslipidaemia [3]. Specifically for older adults, it has been associated with reduced age-related cognitive dysfunction and lower incidence of Alzheimer’s disease [3]. However, it is recognised that this diet relies on home cooking, meaning upskilling may be needed to enable older adults to adopt this diet.   Sleep Finally, sleep is crucial at all ages, especially for older adults. As well as physiological consequences, poor sleep impacts emotional health and mood, meaning older adults are then less likely to eat well or exercise. It is has also been shown that sleep quality is associated with  better health choices throughout the day [4], meaning it should be prioritised by older adults and health care providers.   Key Takeaway Messages  Regular exercise and a healthy diet are the most effective preventive measures to reduce dependency in older adults.  It is never too late to start exercising or eating well. Small amounts of movements that are incrementally built-up will lead to benefits. Sleep is essential to allow older adults to make good health decisions during the day. Social prescription is a potential method to increase exercise engagement within the older adult community, including the use of ambassadors.   References Wickramasinghe K, Mathers JC, Wopereis S, Marsman DS, Griffiths JC. From lifespan to healthspan: the role of nutrition in healthy ageing. J Nutr Sci. 2020;9:e33.  World Health Organisation. Promoting physical activity for older people: a toolkit for action. 2023. p. 31.  Guasch-Ferré M, Willett WC. The Mediterranean diet and health: a comprehensive overview. J Intern Med. 2021;290(3):549-66.  Ha J, Kim J. Factors influencing perceived health status among elderly workers: occupational stress, frailty, sleep quality, and motives for food choices. Clin Interv Aging. 2019;14:1493-501.

Author: Holly Giles  Speakers: Dr Gautum Mehta, Dr Jenneffer Tibaes  Panellists: Professor Sumantra Ray, Dr Rajna Golubic, Ramya Rajaram & Sarah Armes  Acknowledgements: We would also like to acknowledge Randox Health for their funding and support of both the workshop and the ongoing systematic review.  Reviewer:  Sarah Armes   Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is one of the most common chronic liver conditions, often associated with obesity or type 2 diabetes [1]. Previously termed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the nomenclature change aims to reduce stigma and enhance healthcare understanding and support for this condition [2]. Alongside this shift in terminology , growing recognition of the role of lifestyle factors has prompted a transition from reactive to preventative approaches in MASLD management.   In November 2024, NNEdPro presented a summary of current understanding of MASLD and lifestyle factors with talks by key researchers in this area.    Lifestyle management for MASLD Alcohol consumption There is an increased prevalence of MASLD in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes, meaning that lifestyle factors can have a preventative effect on MASLD development. It was highlighted that alcohol use has a synergistic impact on cardiometabolic risk factors, showing the importance of lifestyle choices on disease progression. The negative impacts of binge drinking, not currently considered in UK drinking guidelines, were emphasised on the risk of liver injury [3]. Positively, it was shown that 1-month of abstinence from alcohol (in the form of dry January) was associated with an improved risk profile for MASLD [3], meaning lifestyle factors not only drive disease progression but can also have protective effects.   Weight loss Weight loss was emphasised as an important avenue for overweight patients, with waist circumference acting as an independent marker of MASLD risk. Meta-analysis data was presented, showing the benefits of calorie restriction and adherence to a Mediterranean diet on liver stiffness.  The beneficial effects of physical activity were enhanced, showing the importance of both diet and exercise for MASLD patients.  Dietary choices  Using meta-analysis of dietary components, red meat and soft drink consumption were both shown to contribute to MASLD risk. Contrastingly, nut consumption was shown to have a favourable effect. This presentation by Dr Mehta highlighted the importance of lifestyle management, both with regards to physical activity and dietary choices, of MASLD prevention and progression.  Pharmacy in MASLD Management Polypharmacy, defined as the regular use of 5 or more medications, presents a challenge to clinicians in the treatment and management of MASLD. One challenge is the differentiation between clinical symptoms of the disease and side effects as a result of polypharmacy and drug interactions. Polypharmacy significantly impacts the quality of life of patients due to the presence of side effects, as well as compounding the socioeconomic cost of this condition [4]. Many of the issues of polypharmacy can be avoided or reduced through lifestyle factors, as these reduce the need for medication and can facilitate medication de-escalation. This highlights the need for a holistic, patient-centred approach to treatment, with sufficient support for patients to adopt the recommended lifestyle changes.   The challenges associated with polypharmacy for MASLD management have been highlighted in the systematic review, which is anticipated to be published in 2025.  Panel Q&A on MASLD treatment and prevention In the panel discussion, the panellists addressed several key barriers that prevent patients from adopting the recommended lifestyle changes. Acknowledging the impact of food poverty, financial constraints, and limited access to resources, the panellists noted that these factors significantly hinder many patients' ability to make necessary lifestyle adjustments. Furthermore, the challenge of achieving long-term behavioural change was discussed, emphasising the critical role of clinical support and clear, consistent messaging in helping patients achieve sustainable improvements.  The panel highlighted the need for multidisciplinary teams to provide comprehensive support for MASLD patients. These teams should not only focus on the clinical management of the condition but also assist patients in making the lifestyle changes necessary to reduce disease progression. It was suggested that patient care teams should include dietitians, behavioural psychologists, and health promotion practitioners, all of whom could contribute to facilitating long-term behavioural change and enhancing patient outcomes.  Looking ahead, the panellists discussed the potential for future advancements in MASLD treatment, including the expansion of population screening programs. These programs could enable earlier identification of MASLD patients, allowing for timely lifestyle interventions as a primary preventive measure.  This discussion underscored the critical importance of lifestyle choices in the occurrence and progression of MASLD. It is hoped that greater awareness of this relationship, along with the integration of multidisciplinary support to foster patient-led behavioural changes, will lead to improved care and management of MASLD in the future.    References Chan WK, Chuah KH, Rajaram RB, Lim LL, Ratnasingam J, Vethakkan SR. Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD): A State-of-the-Art Review. J Obes Metab Syndr. 2023;32(3):197-213.   Rinella ME, Sookoian S. From NAFLD to MASLD: updated naming and diagnosis criteria for fatty liver disease. J Lipid Res. 2024;65(1):100485.  Mehta G, Macdonald S, Cronberg A, Rosselli M, Khera-Butler T, Sumpter C, et al. Short-term abstinence from alcohol and changes in cardiovascular risk factors, liver function tests and cancer-related growth factors: a prospective observational study. BMJ Open. 2018;8(5):e020673.  Maher RL, Hanlon J, Hajjar ER. Clinical consequences of polypharmacy in elderly. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2014;13(1):57-65.

England’s coastal communities face significant challenges. These areas often experience deprivation, neglect, and poor health compared to inland regions. Neglected communities show elevated rates of mental health issues, chronic diseases, and dementia. The COVID-19 pandemic has widened these disparities, leading to higher mortality rates, long COVID prevalence, and increased unemployment in coastal areas. Despite these pressing issues, research into health and socioeconomic challenges in these regions remains limited. This hampers the development of effective policy and practice addressing the needs of these communities. Study Overview The study conducted by Cain et al. (2023) explores the complex dynamics of food insecurity, health, well-being, demographics, and deprivation in Fleetwood. Fleetwood is a socially deprived coastal town in Lancashire, UK, which has faced numerous challenges exacerbated by the pandemic. The research examines changes before and after COVID-19, using hospital admission and community mental health referral data. These measures help assess health outcomes and trends in the region. Moreover, free school meal eligibility serves as a proxy for food insecurity, illustrating its associated impacts on health and well-being. Key Findings Food Insecurity The study revealed that some areas, despite having decent housing and income, faced worsening health conditions. More children needed free school meals after the pandemic, highlighting hidden struggles within certain neighborhoods. Mental Health Mental health trends remained relatively stable during the initial year of the pandemic. However, unemployment and serious health conditions, such as heart and lung diseases, negatively impacted mental health, particularly among teenagers and young adults. Hospital Admissions Younger people showed higher rates of hospitalization for mental health issues compared to older adults. This reflects broader challenges faced by young individuals in coastal communities, who may struggle with limited support systems. Mortality Risks The study found that older age, unplanned hospital visits, and cancer were major factors contributing to higher hospital death rates, particularly during the pandemic. Understanding these factors is crucial for addressing health disparities. Coastal Community Challenges These findings reflect common struggles in coastal towns, which often have older populations, under-resourced healthcare systems, and higher rates of chronic health problems. Results The results indicated that areas with better housing and income, yet experiencing high health and disability deprivation, saw an increase in food insecurity after the pandemic. This is evidenced by the rising number of free school meal eligibility claims. Mental health trends appeared stable over the pandemic's first 14 months. However, unemployment, cardiovascular issues, and respiratory conditions significantly impacted mental health, highlighting the vulnerability of adolescents and young adults. Additionally, mortality risks were influenced by COVID-19 and underlying health conditions. These findings underscore the challenges that coastal communities face due to aging populations, inadequate healthcare systems, and high rates of chronic illnesses. Implications The study highlights hidden vulnerabilities present in coastal towns such as Fleetwood. The pandemic exacerbated food insecurity and mental health challenges, particularly in neighborhoods with decent housing but higher health and disability issues. While free school meal eligibility can identify food insecurity, it often misses at-risk groups, including low-income working families. This highlights the urgent need for more nuanced metrics to capture the full scope of these problems. Mental health, although relatively stable at the onset of the pandemic, is closely linked to issues like unemployment, poor physical health, and social isolation. Moving Forward Given these insights, policymakers should prioritize detailed, localized data to address these challenges effectively. Combining targeted interventions, such as job support, health programs, and community-building initiatives, with an understanding of specific spatial and demographic dynamics is crucial. By doing so, we can help prevent future crises, such as food shortages, from exacerbating health disparities in vulnerable coastal communities. Learn more about the impact of food insecurity in the UK Coastal Town. References Cain, R., French, M., & Sedda, L. (2023). Food insecurity, mental health and in-hospital mortality following the COVID-19 pandemic in a socially deprived UK coastal town. BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health , 6 (1), 100–107. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjnph-2022-000561

Diabetes is a significant health concern worldwide. Millions of people are impacted, and that number is projected to increase. Type 2 diabetes is the most prevalent form, often developing gradually over time. Doctors routinely check blood sugar levels, but intervention may not happen until levels are concerningly high. Researchers suggest that insulin resistance—a core reason behind type 2 diabetes—can start years before diagnosis. This highlights the importance of identifying potential issues early. The objective is to discover how to predict who might develop diabetes in the future, allowing doctors to offer preventive advice or treatment. The Role of AI in Predicting Diabetes In recent years, scientists have begun to harness computer technology, particularly artificial intelligence (AI), to predict diseases like diabetes. One particular AI approach, known as "Random Forest" (RF), has shown promising results in analyzing health data patterns. A study conducted by Ooka (2021) employed the RF AI method to forecast alterations in blood sugar levels based on information gathered during regular health check-ups. The aim was to determine whether this AI methodology could outperform traditional prediction techniques, ultimately aiding doctors in making earlier and more precise predictions about diabetes risk. Key Findings Better Predictions with AI: The RF model provided more accurate predictions of changes in blood sugar (HbA1c) levels compared to traditional methods. This model excelled at identifying individuals who might develop diabetes in the future. Identifying Important Risk Factors: The RF model discovered that key factors such as body weight, current blood sugar levels, and annual fluctuations in blood sugar were significant indicators of future diabetes risk. The Value of Long-Term Health Data: Including health information from multiple years, rather than just a single year, created a clearer picture of an individual’s risk, leading to improved diabetes predictions. Surprising Variables: The RF model also indicated unconventional variables, including certain liver enzymes, which may be crucial in forecasting the risk of developing diabetes. This suggests that health data is often more intricate than previously believed. Machine Learning’s Potential: This AI technique could pave the way for earlier detection of not only diabetes but also various other diseases, enabling more timely treatment before complications arise. Results The RF AI approach surpassed the traditional method known as Multiple Logistic Regression in predicting blood sugar level changes. The RF model, which incorporated historical data, produced the most reliable results. Blood sugar levels, fasting blood glucose, body weight, liver enzyme levels, and platelet count were key factors that aided the RF model in making accurate predictions. Implications for Healthcare Utilizing machine learning methods like the RF model allows healthcare providers to identify individuals at risk for diabetes earlier. This ability enables proactive measures before blood sugar levels climb to unhealthy thresholds. Consequently, care can become more personalized, focusing on those who need assistance the most. Moreover, the integration of long-term health data enhances predictions, leading to smarter and more efficient healthcare practices. As the healthcare landscape evolves, AI’s role in patient management becomes increasingly vital. The Future of Diabetes Prediction As the reliance on AI in healthcare continues to grow, it is crucial to understand its potential impacts. Being able to predict who might develop diabetes one day could save lives and reduce healthcare costs significantly. The benefits of early detection extend beyond diabetes, offering a framework for addressing many chronic illnesses effectively. If you’re curious about how this could change healthcare for the better, click here to read more . Reference Ooka, T., Johno, H., Nakamoto, K., Yoda, Y., Yokomichi, H., & Yamagata, Z. (2021). Random Forest Approach for determining risk prediction and predictive factors of type 2 diabetes: Large-scale health check-up data in Japan. BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health , 4 (1), 140–148. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjnph-2020-000200

Author: Ankita Ghosh, Asim Manna, Debashis Chakraborty Editors: Ramya Rajaram, Sucheta Mitra and Professor Sumantra Ray Acknowledgements : Prof Nitya Rao (University of East Anglia), PRADAN, and NNEdPro Global Institute for Food Nutrition and Health Khandabani Village surrounded by forest The Baiga are an Indigenous tribe primarily found in Central India, particularly in the states of Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. Known for their rich and unique cultural heritage, the Baiga are classified as one of India’s Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs). On January 3rd and 4th, 2025, our NNEdPro team visited two Baiga villages - Dhaba and Khandabani, situated in the Samnapur block of Dindori district, Madhya Pradesh. The primary purpose of this visit was to engage with the Baiga community to better understand their eating habits, identify their local crops, and introduce a project to analyse the nutritional value of their staple foods. In addition, two local individuals were trained to assist with data collection using a Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) questionnaire to document traditional menus from the community. This blog presents the key insights and outcomes of our field visit in a Q&A format. Focus group discussion with the community Why was the field visit conducted in Dhaba and Khandabani villages? The field visit was part of a PVC project focused on learning about the Baiga community’s staple food and local crops and nutritional value in these villages. The primary aim was to increase awareness about the project's significance, accumulate insights into their eating habits, and train some community members who would help to collect data through the KAP questionnaire. They would also collect menus from the community. The main objective of the visit was to know and inform the world about the nutritional value of the local crops. Can you tell us about the Baiga community and their eating habits? The Baiga community is one of India’s many Indigenous tribal groups, predominantly found in the states of Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. Known for their rich customs and deep connection to the forests, their dietary and lifestyle choices are heavily influenced by the natural resources in their environment. During our visit, we observed that the Baiga people follow a simple and primarily subsistence-based diet. Their staples include millets, lentils, red rice, and, occasionally, wheat and maize. Vegetables such as radishes, mud potatoes, gourds, pumpkins, and leafy greens are either grown in small home gardens or foraged from the forests. Seasonal fruits like mangoes, guavas, and bananas are collected from nearby forests, supplementing their diet when available.      Sundried Kudrum Protein sources are limited but include fish caught from nearby rivers during the monsoon season and wild pigs hunted collectively by the villagers on special occasions or festivals. Food shortages are a common challenge, driven by seasonal variations in food availability and limited access to diverse food sources due to financial constraints. Locally-available green leafy vegetable To combat these shortages, the Baiga community employs traditional preservation methods, such as dehydrating vegetables and fish, to extend their food supply during lean periods. However, despite these practices, their diet often lacks variety, making them vulnerable to nutritional deficiencies. What were the key objectives of your visit to these villages? The visit had four main objectives: Introducing the Project:  We aimed to familiarise the Baiga community with the PVC project (led by the University of East Anglia), and in partnership with PRADAN, emphasising its potential to improve their diet and overall well-being. We also highlighted the value of their traditional eating habits, explaining how they may hold greater nutritional benefits compared to newer, adopted practices. Understanding Their Food Habits:  Our goal was to gain insights into the community’s dietary patterns, cooking methods, and the challenges they face regarding nutrition and food security. This understanding would help us tailor the project to meet their specific needs effectively. Training Two Community Representatives:  We selected and trained two local villagers from Dhaba to act as data collectors using the KAP questionnaire. These representatives will gather insights into the community’s knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to health and nutrition, providing a foundation for shaping the project’s next steps. Documenting Traditional Menus: The community representatives were also tasked with collecting information on traditional menus, including the ingredients used and cooking processes. This data will allow us to analyse the nutritional value of each dish and develop balanced meal recommendations tailored to the community's needs. Traditional cooked Kodo porridge (boiled millet) with leafy vegetables (GLV) served in Saal leaf How did the community respond to the introduction of the project? The community’s response was positive and curious. The Baiga showed genuine interest in learning about the project and its potential benefits for their families. Despite limited resources, they were particularly eager to explore ways to improve their diet. Interactive discussion between Baiga Community, NNEdPro and PRADAN Team During discussions, many villagers expressed a willingness to adopt new dietary habits, especially those involving the inclusion of nutrient-rich, locally available foods. However, concerns were raised about the practical challenges of implementing these changes, such as the seasonality of their agricultural activities and limited market access due to the remoteness of their villages. Despite these concerns, the overall response was encouraging. Many community members expressed their readiness to collaborate and work toward improving the nutritional health and well-being of their families and the broader community. Focus group discussion in Kandabani Village What did you learn about the food practices in these villages? During the visit, several intriguing aspects of food practices surfaced, including: Reliance on Staple Crops: As previously mentioned, the main staples in both villages are millet and red rice, which comprise most of their daily meals. Kodo and Kutki are the two most-consumed millets by this community. These are frequently accompanied by lentils or a small serving of vegetables, but the diet lacks variety, particularly when it comes to proteins and fruits. Traditional Millets - Kutki and Kodo Cooking Techniques:  Traditionally, the food is prepared using time-consuming but environmentally friendly techniques like cooking over open flames or on clay stoves. They used traditional grinders made from mud to complete most of the kitchen work. Many traditional recipes that have been handed down through the years are used. Removing the husk of the millets and cooking over an open fire Forest-Based Foods:  Tubers and greens are just a few of the foods that many villagers depend on from the forest. Although their availability fluctuates and isn't always consistent, these forest foods are crucial for completing their diet. Due to an absence of a variety of veggies and greens, seasonal foods are sun-dried for use throughout the year. Different types of Dried Mud Potato Animal Protein Sources: Eggs, fish and wild pigs are the main source of animal protein. However, it is not always present in their regular diet because they collect it naturally. Fish are mostly available and consumed in the monsoon season. Wild pigs are specifically consumed during festival season. Adapting Modern Eating Habits: The community is now very much into modern foods. Many of them are not eating millet or red rice and are consuming white rice instead. What role did the KAP questionnaire play in the visit? The KAP (Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices) questionnaire was crucial in understanding the Baiga community's current nutritional awareness, attitudes, and habits. It served as a tool to identify areas where awareness initiatives could be directed and knowledge gaps addressed. During our visit, we introduced the questionnaire to two selected individuals from Dhaba and Khandabani. These individuals will be responsible for gathering feedback from fellow villagers, helping us gain deeper insights into their nutritional perceptions, challenges, and their openness to adopting healthier behaviours. By involving local community members in the data collection process, we ensured that the project remains culturally sensitive and relevant. Additionally, this approach empowers the community, shifting their role from passive recipients of information to active participants in shaping the project's outcomes. What are the next steps following this visit? The subsequent actions after this visit will include: Data Gathering:  The two chosen community representatives will start gathering other villagers' responses to the KAP questionnaire. We can better understand the knowledge gaps and obstacles to implementing healthier eating habits using this data. Menu Collection: Those representatives will collect the different dishes and their ingredients. This will aid in evaluating the nutritional value of the dishes and help us shape balanced thali (set menus). Training Sessions:  We will conduct training sessions for the community on better food practices, such as diversifying diets, improving food storage methods, and utilising local foods for better nutrition. Conclusion The field visit to Dhaba and Khandabani villages in the Samnapur block offered an invaluable opportunity to connect with the Baiga community and gain deeper insights into their nutritional practices and challenges. This project aspires to enhance their health and well-being by equipping them with actionable knowledge and resources. By involving local representatives in data collection and focusing on practical, culturally sensitive solutions, we aim to create sustainable improvements in their nutrition and overall quality of life. This collaborative approach underscores our commitment to fostering positive, long-term change within the community.

03 October 2024 🌟  Hello and welcome to the October edition of the Anna Edesia Newsletter! 🌟   As the season transitions, we’re pleased to share the latest updates from NNEdPro and IANE. This month, we reflect on recent achievements from the NNEdPro-IANE Awards Symposium and look forward to the 10th International Summit that round off the final quarter of 2024.🌱 The 10th NNEdPro International Summit on Food, Nutrition and Health Just over two months to go until the NNEdPro-IANE 10th International Summit on Food, Nutrition, and Health ! We are excited to announce that the first draft of the detailed Summit Programme  was released last week. Don't forget, there’s still time to submit your abstracts  and be part of this prestigious event.   We are looking forward to the participation of as many of you as possible—it's shaping up to be an incredible gathering of experts and innovators in the field. Keep an eye out for more updates, and be sure to register soon! The NNEdPro-IANE Awards Symposium 2024 On 25th September 2024, the NNEdPro-IANE Awards Symposium  was held at Wolfson College, Cambridge, to recognise outstanding contributions to nutrition education. Co-hosted by Professors Sumantra Ray and Pauline Douglas, with opening remarks from Lord Richard Balfe, the event honoured leaders across the field. Notably, Professors Nitya Rao and Susan Lanham-New received Joint Outstanding Achievement Awards for their exceptional work.   The symposium also celebrated innovation and collaboration, highlighting key projects like the TIGR2ESS Programme and iCook. The event underscored the importance of shaping the future of nutrition education through global partnerships.   Read the full blog here . RECENT BLOG POSTS 8th August NNEdPro & SNU Partnership Announcement 27th September Official Statement from NNEdPro on the Recent Tragic Incident in Kolkata 1st October A Weekend of Success for the Mobile Teaching Kitchen Initiative at the Dundee Food Festival  1st October Celebrating Excellence: NNEdPro-IANE Awards Symposium 2024 Check out all published blogs in the Anna Edesia page . JOIN US AT THE UPCOMING EVENTS Developing Mastery In Leadership: Navigating Challenges, Inspiring Excellence Event organised in partnership with the WHO Collaborating Centre Elevate your leadership skills in this two-day programme in partnership with the WHO Collaborating Centre at Imperial. This course will equip you with the tools to navigate challenges and inspire your team. Secure your spot in this transformative experience that empowers leaders at all levels! MTK Cookbook 2.0 Presenting MTK Cookbook 2.0 - Revolutionising Healthy Eating! Explore a collection of more than 50 thoughtfully curated nutritious recipes, proudly brought to you by NNEdPro's Mobile Teaching Kitchens Initiative.   Check it out here: MTK Cookbook   Purchase the book now:  Amazon UK   Amazon India   Amazon US   BECOME A REVIEWER FOR BMJ NUTRITION, PREVENTION & HEALTH We encourage all members to actively engage in the scientific community. By becoming a  reviewer  for BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health, you have the chance to stay up-to-date with the latest literature, advance your career, and establish your expertise and reputation in the field. Express your interest by reaching out to us at  info.nutrition@bmj.com .     Online First Alerts  - Ensure you stay ahead in your field by signing up  here  to receive alerts for Online First content in BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health. Be the first to access new publications and stay informed.      Visit the BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health  webpage for more detailed information on editorial policies, open access, and author guidelines. BE AWARE The official websites of NNEdPro Global Institute and its subsidiaries are listed below. Please note that any other websites with similar names which do not conform to these URLs are not run by us and do not represent our organisation: www.nnedpro.org.uk vle.nnedpro.org.uk www.iane.online www.createacademy.online www.mtki.org www.ikann.global PLEASE SUPPORT US Your support is not just a donation; it's an investment in a healthier, more equitable world. Together, we can turn the tide against malnutrition and build a future where everyone has the opportunity to thrive. Join us in this vital mission.

We at NNEdPro, are deeply saddened and shocked by the recent heinous crime involving the rape and murder of a female resident doctor in the RG Kar region of Kolkata. This horrific incident is a stark reminder of the challenges that women professionals, particularly in the medical field, continue to face. The grief and fear experienced by women across the country, and especially by those in our local communities, are felt deeply by all of us. Our work through the Mobile Teaching Kitchen initiative, which operates in the RG Kar region of Kolkata, has allowed us to engage with many women from underserved communities, including some directly impacted by this tragedy. We stand in solidarity with them, our champions, our local staff, and all the women across India who are raising their voices and calling for safer working environments. At NNEdPro, our core values include creating safe, empowering spaces for women in the workplace and society as a whole. Through our initiatives, including the women-led Bhavishya Shakti Cooperative Society underpinning our Mobile Teaching Kitchen in India, we are committed to promoting women’s empowerment and providing opportunities for women to uplift their communities. This tragic event strengthens our resolve to continue working toward these goals and to advocate for the protection and respect that all women deserve. While we remain politically entirely neutral, we believe it is essential to voice our support for the cause of safety, dignity, and equality for women. We support all non-political and peaceful protests by doctors and citizens alike, who are demanding safer workplaces for women across the country. Our organisation remains dedicated to these principles and will continue to work to empower women in every sphere of life. ‘Bhavishya Shakti’ translates to ‘Empowering the Future,’ and we hope that very shortly, we can see tangible changes in women’s empowerment, starting with the basic human rights to safety, dignity, and equity with their male counterparts. In solidarity, The NNEdPro Global Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health

12 August 2024 🌟 Warm Summer Greetings from the Anna Edesia Newsletter! 🌟   Welcome to August! As the sun continues to grace us with its warmth, we're excited to bring you the latest edition of the Anna Edesia Newsletter. This month, we're diving into the freshest insights from NNEdPro, celebrating our recent milestones, and gearing up for the promising ventures that lie ahead in the coming months.   Embark with us on this journey as we continue to explore the fascinating intersections of food, nutrition, and health! 🌱 BLOGS PUBLISHED IN JULY 2024 1st July Adapting Global Dietary Guidelines to Local Cultures: Insights from the Santal Tribe 1st July Creative Solutions for Sustainable Food & Nutrition Security: Insights from the 9th Annual Summit 30th July Activities in Belfast: The Pre-Summit, Mini Masterclass, and Nutrition Society Congress 30th July Transparency Matters – Latest BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health Metrics Check out all published blogs in the Anna Edesia page . JOIN US AT THE UPCOMING EVENTS Developing Mastery In Leadership: Navigating Challenges, Inspiring Excellence Event organised in partnership with the WHO Collaborating Centre Elevate your leadership skills in this two-day programme in partnership with the WHO Collaborating Centre at Imperial. This course will equip you with the tools to navigate challenges and inspire your team. Secure your spot in this transformative experience that empowers leaders at all levels! The 10th NNEdPro International Summit on Food, Nutrition and Health The NNEdPro Global Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health and the International Academy of Nutrition Educators , in partnership with BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health , are excited to announce the forthcoming " Democratising and Decolonising Food and Nutrition: From Science to Society " Summit. This Summit is dedicated to fostering a more inclusive, equitable, and collaborative approach to food and nutrition research, education, practice, and policy worldwide.   The event will bring together the collective views of our regional networks spanning over 65 countries as well as a multitude of organisations, giving even wider geographical and disciplinary coverage. Join us as we continue our journey of exploring inclusivity, equity, and collaboration in the field of food and nutrition! Our call for abstracts is now open! We are currently accepting abstracts. Accepted abstracts will have the opportunity to be published in the open-source journal BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health. Learn more . BSLM 2024 Annual Medical Conference Event Page link: https://bslm.org.uk/events/bslm-2024-medical-conference What is Lifestyle Medicine: https://bslm.org.uk/lifestyle-medicine/what-is-lifestyle-medicine/   About Us: https://bslm.org.uk/about/about-us/   🌟 Embark on an exhilarating journey through the realm of nutrition! Delve deep into captivating subjects such as cutting-edge research methodologies, disease prevention strategies fueled by nutrition, and the pivotal role of nutrition in healthcare environments. 🚀 Join us for our upcoming live sessions on the 23rd and 24th of September  and unlock the secrets to optimal health and vitality!   Don't miss out—use the code NEWSLETTER  for a 5% discount!   Don't miss out—secure your spot now by registering at https://www.nnedpro.org.uk/summer-school   NEW BOOK ANNOUNCEMENT Essentials of Nutrition in Medicine and Healthcare, 1st Edition A Practical Guide takes a systems-based approach to medical nutrition. It includes the pathophysiology of nutrition-related disease as well as the clinical application of nutrition theory in disease management and the role of nutrition in public health. It covers the basics of physiology and biochemistry, including relevant drug-nutrient interactions. MTK Cookbook 2.0 Presenting MTK Cookbook 2.0 - Revolutionising Healthy Eating! Explore a collection of more than 50 thoughtfully curated nutritious recipes, proudly brought to you by NNEdPro's Mobile Teaching Kitchens Initiative.   Check it out here: MTK Cookbook   Purchase the book now:  Amazon UK   Amazon India   Amazon US   BE AWARE The official websites of NNEdPro Global Institute and its subsidiaries are listed below. Please note that any other websites with similar names which do not conform to these URLs are not run by us and do not represent our organisation: www.nnedpro.org.uk vle.nnedpro.org.uk www.iane.online www.createacademy.online www.mtki.org www.ikann.global PLEASE SUPPORT US Your support is not just a donation; it's an investment in a healthier, more equitable world. Together, we can turn the tide against malnutrition and build a future where everyone has the opportunity to thrive. Join us in this vital mission.